What percentage of the total population of the world resides in India, as estimated in the year 2011 ?

The correct answer is (b).

India’s population in 2011 was estimated to be 1,210,193,422, which is 17.5% of the world’s population of 6,912,000,000.

Option (a) is incorrect because it is less than the actual percentage. Option (c) is incorrect because it is more than the actual percentage. Option (d) is incorrect because it is not a valid percentage.