The correct answer is D. Departmentation.
Departmentation is the process of grouping employees into departments or units based on common characteristics. It is a structural approach to organizing work, and it is not directly related to the systems approach to human resource management.
The systems approach to human resource management is a holistic approach that views the organization as a system of interrelated parts. It emphasizes the importance of planning, staffing, development, and compensation in order to achieve organizational goals.
Human resource planning is the process of forecasting future human resource needs and developing strategies to meet those needs. Recruitment and selection is the process of identifying and hiring qualified employees. Performance appraisal is the process of evaluating employee performance and providing feedback.
All of these activities are essential to the effective management of human resources, and they are all included in the systems approach to human resource management. Departmentation, on the other hand, is a structural approach to organizing work, and it is not directly related to the systems approach to human resource management.