. . . . . . . . is defined as downgrading an employee by reducing his salary decrease his responsibility and authority and status.

The correct answer is C. Demotion.

A demotion is a reduction in an employee’s rank, status, or salary. It is often used as a disciplinary measure, but it can also be used to reassign an employee to a different position that is better suited to their skills and abilities.

A transfer is a change in an employee’s job location or duties. It is often used to move an employee to a new position that is more challenging or rewarding, or to a new location that is closer to their home or family.

A promotion is an increase in an employee’s rank, status, or salary. It is often used to reward an employee for their good performance, or to move them to a position with more responsibility.

None of these options is a demotion.