The correct answer is (b) 1954.
The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India. It was instituted in 1954 by the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru. The award is given to citizens of India in recognition of exceptional service to the nation. It is the highest civilian award in India, and is awarded by the President of India.
The award is a three-petaled lotus made of pure gold, set with a diamond in the center. The lotus is a symbol of India, and the diamond represents the light of knowledge. The award is worn around the neck on a red ribbon.
The Bharat Ratna has been awarded to 44 people, including 12 posthumous awards. The first person to be awarded the Bharat Ratna was C. Rajagopalachari, the first Governor-General of independent India. The most recent person to be awarded the Bharat Ratna was Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the 10th Prime Minister of India.
The Bharat Ratna is a highly prestigious award, and is considered to be the highest honor that can be bestowed on an Indian citizen. It is a symbol of national pride, and is a reminder of the sacrifices that have been made by Indians in the service of their country.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the years in which the Bharat Ratna was instituted.