The correct answer is A. downward communication.
Downward communication is a type of communication that flows from the top of an organization to the bottom. It is used to communicate policies, procedures, and programs to employees. Downward communication can be formal or informal. Formal downward communication is typically in the form of written documents, such as memos, letters, and reports. Informal downward communication is typically in the form of face-to-face conversations, phone calls, and emails.
Downward communication is important because it helps to ensure that employees are aware of the organization’s goals and objectives. It also helps to ensure that employees understand their roles and responsibilities. Downward communication can be effective if it is clear, concise, and timely. It is also important to make sure that employees have the opportunity to ask questions and provide feedback.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- A. Downward communication: Communication that flows from the top of an organization to the bottom.
- B. Upward communication: Communication that flows from the bottom of an organization to the top.
- C. Horizontal communication: Communication that flows between employees at the same level of an organization.
- D. Informal communication: Communication that is not formally structured or documented.