The correct answer is (a) T.B. (Tuberculosis).
BCG vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine that is used to prevent tuberculosis (TB). It is the most widely used vaccine in the world, and it has been shown to be very effective in preventing TB. The vaccine is given as an injection into the skin, and it usually causes a small sore at the injection site. This sore usually heals within a few weeks.
TB is a serious disease that can affect the lungs, brain, and other parts of the body. It is caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is spread through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
The BCG vaccine is not 100% effective, but it can reduce the risk of getting TB by up to 80%. The vaccine is most effective in children, and it is recommended that all children be vaccinated against TB.
The other options are incorrect because they are not diseases that can be prevented by the BCG vaccine.
(b) Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is spread through contaminated food or water. Cholera can cause severe dehydration and death, but it is treatable with antibiotics.
(c) Hepatitis is a group of liver diseases caused by viruses. There are five main types of hepatitis: A, B, C, D, and E. Hepatitis A and E are usually mild and go away on their own. Hepatitis B, C, and D can be serious and can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer.
(d) Bird flu is a viral infection that affects birds. It can be spread to humans through contact with infected birds or their droppings. Bird flu can cause serious illness in humans, and it can be fatal.