The correct answer is (c) Ionosphere.
The ionosphere is a region of Earth’s atmosphere that is ionized by solar radiation. It is located in the upper atmosphere, from about 60 to 1,000 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. The ionosphere is important for radio communication because it reflects radio waves back to Earth. It is also important for the aurora borealis, also known as the northern lights.
The aurora borealis is a natural light display in the sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic). It is caused by the collision of charged particles from the sun with atoms in the upper atmosphere. The collision causes the atoms to emit light, which is what we see as the aurora.
The aurora borealis is most commonly seen in the winter months, when the nights are long and dark. It is also more common near the poles, where the magnetic field of the Earth is strongest. The aurora borealis can be seen in many different colors, including green, blue, purple, and red.
The aurora borealis is a beautiful and awe-inspiring natural phenomenon. It is a reminder of the power of the sun and the beauty of the Earth’s atmosphere.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the layers of the atmosphere that are responsible for the aurora borealis. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, and it is where most of the Earth’s weather occurs. The thermosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that is above the ionosphere, and it is where the temperature of the atmosphere increases with altitude. The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere, and it is where the atmosphere gradually merges into space.