The correct answer is: B. Badarayana.
Badarayana was a Hindu philosopher who lived in the 2nd century BCE. He is the author of the Brahma Sutras, one of the most important texts in the Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy. The Brahma Sutras are a commentary on the Upanishads, a collection of ancient Hindu texts that are considered to be the source of Vedanta philosophy.
Badarayana’s philosophy is based on the idea that Brahman, the ultimate reality, is the only thing that exists. Everything else, including the individual self, is an illusion. The goal of life is to realize Brahman and achieve moksha, or liberation from the cycle of rebirth.
Badarayana’s philosophy has had a profound influence on Hindu thought. It is the foundation of many other schools of Hindu philosophy, including Advaita Vedanta, Visistadvaita Vedanta, and Dvaita Vedanta.
The other options are incorrect.
- Narayana is a Hindu deity who is often identified with Vishnu. He is not the founder of Vedanta philosophy.
- Aryabhata was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who lived in the 5th century CE. He is not the founder of Vedanta philosophy.
- None of the above is the correct answer.