40th Amendment
42nd Amendment
44th Amendment
45th Amendment
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Answer is Wrong!
The correct answer is: D. 45th Amendment
The 45th Amendment to the Indian Constitution was enacted on 20 December 1978. It added a new Part IVA to the Constitution, which contains the Fundamental Duties of citizens. The Fundamental Duties are a set of obligations that are expected of all citizens of India. They are intended to promote a spirit of patriotism and nationalism, and to uphold the unity and integrity of the nation.
The Fundamental Duties are as follows:
- To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
- To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
- To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
- To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
- To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women; and to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
- To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.
- To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
- To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
- To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
- To provide opportunities for education and to promote adult education.
The Fundamental Duties are not enforceable by any court, but they are nevertheless fundamental
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