The correct answer is (d) Hartley Withers.
Hartley Withers was a British economist who lived from 1887 to 1959. He is best known for his work on money and banking. In his book “The Meaning of Money”, he coined the phrase “money is what money does”. This phrase means that money is not just a physical object, but it is also a social institution. Money has value because people believe it has value. It is used to facilitate trade and to store wealth.
The other options are incorrect.
(a) Marshall was an English economist who lived from 1848 to 1924. He is considered one of the founders of neoclassical economics. He did not coin the phrase “money is what money does”.
(b) Crowther was a British economist who lived from 1879 to 1957. He is best known for his work on monetary policy. He did not coin the phrase “money is what money does”.
(c) Kent was a British economist who lived from 1877 to 1952. He is best known for his work on international trade. He did not coin the phrase “money is what money does”.