[amp_mcq option1=”Depth-first search” option2=”Breadth-first search” option3=”Bidirectional search” option4=”None of the mentioned” correct=”option2″]
The correct answer is: B. Breadth-first search
Breadth-first search (BFS) is an algorithm for traversing or searching a graph. It starts at the root node and explores all of the neighboring nodes before moving on to any other nodes. This process continues until all of the nodes in the graph have been visited.
BFS is implemented with an empty first-in-first-out (FIFO) queue. The queue is used to store the nodes that have not yet been visited. The algorithm starts by adding the root node to the queue. Then, it repeatedly removes the first node from the queue and explores all of its neighboring nodes. These nodes are then added to the queue, and the process repeats until the queue is empty.
BFS is a relatively simple algorithm, but it is very efficient. It is often used in applications where it is important to find the shortest path between two nodes in a graph.
Depth-first search (DFS) is another algorithm for traversing or searching a graph. It starts at the root node and explores all of the neighboring nodes that are connected to it before moving on to any other nodes. This process continues until it reaches a dead end, at which point it backtracks and explores another branch of the graph.
DFS is implemented with a stack. The stack is used to store the nodes that have not yet been visited. The algorithm starts by pushing the root node onto the stack. Then, it repeatedly pops the top node off of the stack and explores all of its neighboring nodes. These nodes are then pushed onto the stack, and the process repeats until the stack is empty.
DFS is a recursive algorithm, which means that it calls itself. This can make it difficult to understand and debug. However, DFS is very efficient for finding the shortest path between two nodes in a graph that has a lot of branches.
Bidirectional search is a hybrid of BFS and DFS. It starts by exploring all of the neighboring nodes of the root node in a breadth-first manner. Then, it backtracks and explores all of the neighboring nodes of the root node in a depth-first manner. This process continues until all of the nodes in the graph have been visited.
Bidirectional search is more efficient than BFS and DFS for graphs that have a lot of branches. However, it is more complex to implement.
In conclusion, the correct answer to the question “Which search is implemented with an empty first-in-first-out queue?” is B. Breadth-first search.