Discover the diverse geography of Kerala, featuring serene backwaters, lush Western Ghats, and beautiful beaches. Learn about the state’s varied climate, rich biodiversity, and natural resources. Explore how Kerala’s unique landscapes influence its agriculture, culture, and tourism, shaping its distinct regional identity within India.
FAQs on Geography of Kerala
- What is the geographical location of Kerala?
Kerala is a state located on the southwestern Malabar Coast of India. It is bordered by Karnataka to the north and Tamil Nadu to the east and south, with the Arabian Sea forming its western coast.
- What are the major rivers in Kerala?
Kerala is crisscrossed by 44 rivers, the major ones being:
- Periyar: The longest river in Kerala, originating from the Western Ghats.
- Bharathappuzha (Nila): The second-longest river, known for its cultural significance.
- Pamba: The third-longest river, associated with the Sabarimala pilgrimage.
- Chaliyar (Beypore River): Flows through the Malabar region.
- Chalakkudy: Known for its scenic beauty and waterfalls.
- What are the main physiographic divisions of Kerala?
Kerala can be divided into three main physiographic regions:
- Highland (Malnad): The easternmost region, comprising the Western Ghats mountain range with high peaks, valleys, and forests.
- Midland (Idanad): Lies between the highlands and lowlands, characterized by rolling hills, valleys, and rivers.
- Lowland (Coastal Plains): A narrow strip along the Arabian Sea, known for its beaches, backwaters, and lagoons.
- What is the climate of Kerala?
Kerala experiences a tropical monsoon climate with two distinct seasons:
- Southwest Monsoon (Edavappathi): From June to September, bringing heavy rainfall.
- Northeast Monsoon (Thulavarsham): From October to November, with comparatively less rainfall.
The state generally has high humidity throughout the year.
- What are the major natural resources found in Kerala?
Kerala’s natural resources include:
- Minerals: Ilmenite, rutile, monazite, zircon, and sillimanite are found along the coast.
- Forests: The Western Ghats have diverse flora and fauna, including rare and endemic species.
- Water resources: Abundant rainfall and numerous rivers, lakes, and backwaters.
- Marine resources: The long coastline supports a thriving fishing industry.
- What are the major crops grown in Kerala?
The major crops cultivated in Kerala are:
- Coconut: Kerala is known as the “Land of Coconuts.”
- Rubber: A major plantation crop.
- Spices: Pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, and nutmeg are grown in the state.
- Tea and Coffee: Grown in the hilly regions.
- Rice and Tapioca: Staple food crops.
- What are the major cities in Kerala?
The major cities in Kerala are:
- Thiruvananthapuram (Capital)
- Kochi (Ernakulam)
- Kozhikode (Calicut)
- Thrissur
- Kollam
- What are some important geographical features of Kerala?
Some important geographical features of Kerala include:
- Backwaters: A network of interconnected canals, rivers, and lagoons along the coast, famous for their scenic beauty and houseboat cruises.
- Vembanad Lake: The largest lake in India, located in Kerala.
- Ashtamudi Lake: The second-largest lake, known for its diverse ecosystem.
- Silent Valley National Park: A biodiversity hotspot in the Western Ghats.
- Periyar National Park: A tiger reserve and wildlife sanctuary.