Karnataka: Rural Development Initiative

Development of rural areas has a bearing on improving agricultural production and related economic activities, availability of natural and financial Resources and their development. The rural development programmes are implemented through Rural Development and Panchayat Raj department towards promoting effective and inclusive rural development. The rural development programmes focus on providing quality life to the rural people through provision of housing, drinking water, sanitation, roads and connectivity and EMPLOYMENT.

Karnataka Rural Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE-development/”>Infrastructure Development Ltd

The Karnataka Land Army Corporation Limited was established as an undertaking of the Government of Karnataka on 9th August 1974. The name of the Organization was changed from Karnataka Land Army Corporation Limited (KLAC) to Karnataka Rural Infrastructure Development Limited (KRIDL) with effect from August 2009. The organization was started with an authorized Government share capital of Rs.1.00 crore and subscribed capital of Rs.25.00 Lakh. The authorized share capital was enhanced to Rs.15.00 crore. The Government of Karnataka in the year 2006 has further subscribed Rs.12.00 crores as share capital and thus as on date subscribed share capital of the company is Rs.12.25 crores. The Organization has the objective of undertaking Civil construction of tanks, Irrigation works, low cost housing, Roads, culverts and buildings etc. in rural areas employing rural youth. Currently the Organization has a turnover of Rs.1808.57 crores (upto November-2017) with a staff strength of around 801 including 300 highly dedicated and qualified civil engineers handling civil works all over the State. The main objective of the Organization is to undertake developmental works in rural areas including employment oriented works entrusted by the State Government Departments, Statutory Boards and Local Self Government under various schemes and programmes. The works are executed directly at Government (PWD) scheduled rates without the involvement of contractors. The Organization is a designated agency of the State Government for the purpose of Departmental execution of works.

Grama Swaraj Yojana

The World Bank assisted Grama SwarajProject-Karnataka Panchayath Strengthening project Rs.600 crores was implemented since 2006-07 to 2013-14. The main objective of the project is to enable people to improve their standard of living condition in 39 most backward taluks, especially providing Services as decided and prioritized by the rural people and more emphasis was given for capacity building of Panchayath Raj Institutions. Further it was decided to take up Grama Swaraj Project – Phase II at total cost of Rs.2000.00 crore with World Bank assistance. Preliminary work in this regard like, preparation of operation manual, study on social and environmental protection has been completed. Action is being taken to enter MOU with Government of India and World Bank.

Grama Vikasa/Suvarna Gramodhaya

Provision has been made for formulation of the integrated programmes for being implemented in Rural Karnataka with a view to lead the assured life from slavery to the right to life. Every village of the Karnataka has been made free from waste, litigation. debit open defecation and fear for thorough change, through which all the various programmes meant for implementation in a time bound to Karnataka civil people could be high Percentage for the State of Karnataka.

Chief Minister Grama Vikasa Yojana

As per the announcement made in the budget of 2017-18, by the Hon’ble Chief Minister in the budget for 2017-18, Chief Minister Grama Vikasa Scheme has been taken up in 1000 villages at a total cost of Rs.1000.00 crores at an estimated cost of Rs.1.00 crore per village. Provision is made to select villages as per the choice by 189 Rural assembly constituencies and State legislative council members. For implementation of this scheme during 2017-18 throughout the State, to compete it in a period of two years, a comprehensive guidelines has been brought in force.

Rural Water Supply

The Government of India and the State, under NRDWP programme is implementing Rural Water Supply Schemes to provide adequate and Safe drinking water to the rural Population. The norm for providing potable drinking water is 55 litres per capita per day (LPCD) with a provision of 3 litres for drinking, 5 litres for cooking, 15 litres for bathing, 10 litres for washing utensils and domestic applications, 10 lit res for ablution/toilets and 12 litres for washing cloths and other uses. A ‘Habitation’ is a locality in a village with a cluster of families. Considering the Average size of the family as 5 persons, a ‘habitation’ should include 20 families totaling 100 persons, with the exception in hilly areas, where the habitation can have a population of less than 100 persons. Fully Covered (FC) habitations are those with entire population is provided with drinking water as per norms. Partially Covered habitations are those where supply of drinking water is less than 55 LPCD. Habitations with access to safe drinking water source/point (from public/ private source) of at least 10 LPCD and less than to 55 LPCD, within 1.6 kms in the plains and within 100 meters in hilly areas are characterized as PC. Not Covered (NC) habitations are those where the coverage under safe water from all sources is below 10 LPCD and/or habitations with quality affected at source viz., excess salinity, iron, fluoride, arsenic or other toxic Elements or biologically contaminated. Access to safe drinking water and sanitation is indispensable for a healthy life.

Pradhana Manthri Gram Sadak yojana (PMGSY)

PMGSY was launched in the State during December 2000 with the objective of providing rural connectivity by way of all weather roads to eligible habitations having a population of 500 and above by the end of 2007. Under this programme, Rs 4740.35 crore has been spent and 18536.54 km of road length has been asphalted as on November 2017. In order to implement the scheme more effectively, Karnataka Rural Road Development Agency has been formed during October 2005. The agency is involved in preparation of detailed project reports in each stage, implementation of the works (as approved by Government of India) as per the required standards and, release of grants provided by Government of India. As on date, the State still yet to connect 1771 (population between 250-499) unconnected habitations.

Remote village energy programme

MGIRED has taken up Remote Village Energy Programme with an effort to reach out to the people located in unreachable areas and deprived of basic amenities such as electricity. The beneficiaries are provided SPV/PCO hydro/Small wind individual or community based power facilities based on feasibility in addition to providing smokeless chullas. Beneficiary contribution of 10% of the project cost is mandatory to ensure feeling of ownership.

Karnataka State Rural Livelihood Promotional Society (KSRLPS)

The SGSY scheme has been restructured as DAY-National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAYNRLM). Every State has to establish State Mission to implement this scheme. Accordingly KSRLPS-Sanjeevini society has been established under RD&PR department in the Empowered State. The implementation of the scheme has commenced from 2013-14 in Karnataka. The Committee of the Ministry of Rural Development has approved an Annual Action Plan (2017-18) under NRLP for Rs.15.00 crore (including special project) and under NRLM for Rs.84.00 crore. During 2014-15 20 taluks, and during 2015-16, 64 taluks were covered under the scheme with intensive approach. The remaining 92 taluks in the State are planned to be covered under intensive approach during 2016-17. Under NRLM an amount of Rs. 67.04 Crore has been released and Rs.46.01 Crores expenditure is incurred as end of October 2017. Similarly, under NRLP, Rs. 9.70 Crore has been released and incurred an expenditure of Rs.8.06 crores.

Karnataka is one of the most developed states in India, with a strong economy and a high standard of living. However, there are still many rural areas in the state that are struggling to develop. The government of Karnataka has implemented a number of initiatives to promote rural development, including:

agriculture: The government has provided subsidies and loans to farmers, and has also invested in irrigation and other infrastructure projects. This has helped to increase agricultural production and incomes.
Animal Husbandry: The government has promoted the development of Dairy and Poultry farms, and has also provided training and support to farmers. This has helped to increase the production of milk and eggs, and has also created jobs in the rural areas.
Fisheries-2/”>Fisheries: The government has invested in the development of fisheries, and has also provided training and support to fishermen. This has helped to increase the production of fish, and has also created jobs in the rural areas.
Forestry: The government has promoted the development of forestry, and has also provided training and support to foresters. This has helped to increase the production of timber and other forest products, and has also created jobs in the rural areas.
Handicrafts: The government has promoted the development of handicrafts, and has also provided training and support to artisans. This has helped to increase the production of handicrafts, and has also created jobs in the rural areas.
Infrastructure: The government has invested in the development of Infrastructure in Rural Areas, such as roads, bridges, and electricity. This has helped to improve the Quality Of Life in rural areas, and has also made it easier for businesses to operate in these areas.
Livelihoods: The government has promoted the development of sustainable livelihoods in rural areas, such as agriculture, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry, handicrafts, and small businesses. This has helped to reduce POVERTY and improve the standard of living in rural areas.
Microfinance: The government has promoted the development of microfinance institutions, which provide loans to small businesses and entrepreneurs in rural areas. This has helped to create jobs and improve the standard of living in rural areas.
Poverty Alleviation: The government has implemented a number of programs to alleviate poverty in rural areas, such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). This program provides guaranteed employment to rural households for up to 100 days per year.
Rural Health: The government has invested in the development of rural health infrastructure, such as hospitals, clinics, and primary health centers. This has helped to improve the quality of healthcare in rural areas.
Rural Education: The government has invested in the development of rural education infrastructure, such as schools, colleges, and universities. This has helped to improve the quality of education in rural areas.
Social Welfare: The government has implemented a number of programs to promote social welfare in rural areas, such as the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS). This scheme provides a monthly pension to elderly people who are living below the Poverty Line.
Water and Sanitation: The government has invested in the development of water and sanitation infrastructure in rural areas, such as wells, boreholes, and toilets. This has helped to improve the quality of life in rural areas.
Women–Empowerment/”>Women Empowerment: The government has implemented a number of programs to empower women in rural areas, such as the Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA). This organization provides training and support to women entrepreneurs in rural areas.

These initiatives have helped to improve the quality of life in rural areas of Karnataka. However, there is still much work to be done. The government needs to continue to invest in rural development, and it also needs to address the challenges of poverty, illiteracy, and gender inequality.

What is rural development?

Rural development is the process of improving the quality of life and economic well-being of people living in rural areas. It includes a wide range of activities, such as improving infrastructure, providing access to education and healthcare, and promoting Economic Development.

What are the challenges of rural development?

There are many challenges to rural development, including poverty, lack of access to education and healthcare, poor infrastructure, and Environmental Degradation. These challenges can make it difficult for people living in rural areas to improve their lives.

What are some successful examples of rural development?

There are many successful examples of rural development around the world. One example is the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh, which provides microloans to poor people to help them start businesses. Another example is the Bolsa FamÃlia program in Brazil, which provides cash transfers to poor families to help them meet their basic needs.

What are some of the key factors that contribute to successful rural development?

Some of the key factors that contribute to successful rural development include:

Investment in infrastructure: This includes things like roads, bridges, schools, and hospitals.
Access to education and healthcare: This is essential for people to be able to improve their lives.
Promotion of economic development: This can be done through things like providing tax breaks to businesses, investing in infrastructure, and promoting tourism.
Empowerment of women: Women play a vital role in rural development, and it is important to empower them to participate in decision-making and economic activities.
Sustainability: It is important to ensure that rural development is sustainable, so that it can continue to benefit people in the long term.

What are some of the key challenges that rural development faces in the 21st century?

Some of the key challenges that rural development faces in the 21st century include:

Climate change: Climate Change is having a significant impact on rural areas, through things like droughts, floods, and extreme weather events.
Globalization/”>Globalization-3/”>Globalization: Globalization is leading to changes in the global economy, which can have a negative impact on rural areas.
Urbanization: Urbanization is leading to a decline in the population of rural areas, which can make it difficult to provide services and infrastructure.
Poverty: Poverty is still a major problem in many rural areas, and it can make it difficult for people to improve their lives.

What are some of the key opportunities for rural development in the 21st century?

Some of the key opportunities for rural development in the 21st century include:

The rise of the digital economy: The digital economy is creating new opportunities for rural businesses and entrepreneurs.
The Growth of the Green Economy: The growth of the green economy is creating new opportunities for rural areas to develop sustainable businesses.
The aging population: The aging population is creating new opportunities for rural areas to develop businesses and services that cater to older people.
The rise of the sharing economy: The rise of the sharing economy is creating new opportunities for rural people to earn income by sharing their assets and skills.

What are some of the key roles that the government can play in rural development?

The government can play a number of key roles in rural development, including:

Providing investment in infrastructure: The government can provide investment in infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, schools, and hospitals.
Providing access to education and healthcare: The government can provide access to education and healthcare, which is essential for people to be able to improve their lives.
Promoting economic development: The government can promote economic development through things like providing tax breaks to businesses, investing in infrastructure, and promoting tourism.
Empowering women: The government can empower women to participate in decision-making and economic activities.
Promoting sustainability: The government can promote sustainability in rural development, so that it can continue to benefit people in the long term.

Sure, here are some MCQs on the topics of rural development, without mentioning the topic of Karnataka: Rural Development Initiative:

Which of the following is not a goal of rural development?
(A) To improve the quality of life in rural areas
(B) To reduce poverty in rural areas
(C) To increase agricultural productivity
(D) To promote economic growth in rural areas
Which of the following is not a strategy for rural development?
(A) Investing in infrastructure
(B) Providing credit to farmers
(C) Promoting small businesses
(D) Providing social services
Which of the following is not a challenge to rural development?
(A) Lack of access to education and healthcare
(B) Lack of access to markets
(C) Out-Migration of young people
(D) Lack of investment in infrastructure
Which of the following is not a success story in rural development?
(A) The Green Revolution in India
(B) The Land reforms in China
(C) The Bolsa FamÃlia Program in Brazil
(D) The Millennium Villages Project
Which of the following is not a criticism of rural development?
(A) It is often top-down and not participatory
(B) It often focuses on short-term projects and not long-term solutions
(C) It often neglects the needs of women and marginalized groups
(D) It often fails to address the root Causes of Poverty
Which of the following is not a goal of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
(A) To eradicate extreme poverty
(B) To reduce inequality within and among countries
(C) To promote sustainable development in all countries
(D) To ensure that all people have access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy
Which of the following is not a target of SDG 1?
(A) To halve, by 2030, the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions
(B) To achieve by 2030, universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
(C) To double, by 2030, the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fisherfolk, including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs, knowledge, financial services, markets and appropriate technologies, and by developing and strengthening relevant policies and institutions
(D) To ensure that all men and women have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, Natural Resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance
Which of the following is not a target of SDG 10?
(A) To reduce, by 2030, at least by half, the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions
(B) To ensure that all men and women have equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and other forms of property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and financial services, including microfinance
(C) To achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal value
(D) To empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, economic status or other status
Which of the following is not a target of SDG 11?
(A) By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums
(B) By 2030, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated, sustainable and resilient urban development plans and strategies, with the participation of local authorities
(C) By 2030, provide universal access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons
(D) By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents, globally, through safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable road infrastructure and improved road safety management