Explore the political landscape of Jharkhand, detailing its governance structure, legislative framework, and key political developments. Learn about the state’s administrative divisions, major political parties, and influential leaders. Understand how Jharkhand’s polity shapes its policy-making and impacts its socio-economic progress.
FAQs on Jharkhand Polity
- What is the structure of government in Jharkhand?
Jharkhand, like other Indian states, follows a parliamentary system of government as per the Indian Constitution. It has a unicameral legislature:
- Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha): The sole legislative body in the state, with a maximum of 81 members directly elected by the people.
- Who is the head of the state and the head of the government in Jharkhand?
- Governor: The Governor is the constitutional head of the state, appointed by the President of India. Their role is largely ceremonial.
- Chief Minister: The Chief Minister is the head of the government and leads the Council of Ministers. They are responsible for the day-to-day administration of the state.
- How many districts are there in Jharkhand?
- As of 2024, Jharkhand has 24 districts.
- What are the main political parties in Jharkhand?
- The major political parties in Jharkhand are:
- Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM)
- Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
- Indian National Congress (INC)
- All Jharkhand Students Union (AJSU)
- Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) (JVM(P))
- What is the role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in Jharkhand?
- Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) are the local self-government bodies in rural Jharkhand. They function at three levels:
- Gram Panchayat (village level)
- Panchayat Samiti (block level)
- Zila Parishad (district level) PRIs are responsible for local planning and development, providing essential services, and empowering people at the grassroots level.
- What is the significance of the PESA Act, 1996 in Jharkhand?
- The Panchayat (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA Act) is crucial for Jharkhand as it has a large tribal population. The act empowers tribal communities in Scheduled Areas to govern themselves through their traditional systems of governance and customary laws. It ensures their participation in decision-making and the protection of their cultural identity.
- What are some current political issues in Jharkhand?
- Some of the current political issues in Jharkhand include:
- Tribal rights and welfare: Protecting the rights of tribal communities, ensuring their welfare, and addressing issues like land alienation and displacement are important concerns.
- Naxalite insurgency: The state government is actively working to combat Naxalite activities and bring peace and development to affected areas.
- Economic development: Creating employment opportunities, attracting investment, and promoting industrial growth are key priorities.
- Environmental protection: Balancing industrial development with environmental protection and conservation of natural resources is a major challenge.
- Political stability: Ensuring political stability and good governance are essential for the state’s overall development.