Important Ancient Terms for RAS/RTS (Rajasthan) Prelims and Mains Examination

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Lohit Ayas Copper Syam Ayas Iron Vanik Traders Gramini Village Head Bhagadugha Tax collector Sthapati Chief Judge Takshan Carpenter Niska Unit of currency Satamana Unit of currency Pana Term used for coin Shresthi Guilds Vihara Buddhist Monastery Chaitya Sacred Enclosure Pradeshika Head of District Administration Nagarka City administration Jesthaka Chief of a Guild Prathamakulika Chief of artisans Uparika Governor of Bhukti Didishu Remarried woman Amatya High official Dvija Initiation into Education Yukta Revenue officer in the Mauryan period. Rajjukas Land measurement & fixing land revenue Sabha Assembly of few select ones Samiti Larger Assembly Dharamamahamatya Most important post created by Asoka.

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The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilization in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. Along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia it was one of three early civilizations of the Old World.

The Indus Valley Civilization was contemporaneous with the Bronze Age civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt, and was contemporary with the Minoan civilization of Crete. It was also contemporary with the Shang dynasty of China.

The Indus Valley Civilization was centered on the Indus River valley, which flows through the present-day countries of Pakistan and India. The civilization also extended into the neighboring regions of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan.

The Indus Valley Civilization was a major urban civilization. The largest cities of the Indus Valley Civilization were Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Mohenjo-daro was located in the present-day province of Sindh in Pakistan, while Harappa was located in the present-day province of Punjab in Pakistan.

The Indus Valley Civilization was a highly developed civilization. The people of the Indus Valley Civilization had a complex system of writing, which has not yet been deciphered. They also had a sophisticated system of mathematics.

The Indus Valley Civilization was a major trading power. The people of the Indus Valley Civilization traded with Mesopotamia, Egypt, and other parts of the world.

The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1900 BCE. The reasons for the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization are not fully understood. However, it is thought that the decline may have been caused by a combination of factors, including Climate change, warfare, and internal strife.

The Harappan culture was a Bronze Age culture that flourished in the Indus Valley from about 2600 to 1900 BCE. The Harappans were a highly advanced civilization, with a complex system of writing, a sophisticated system of mathematics, and a well-developed urban Infrastructure-2/”>INFRASTRUCTURE.

The Harappans were skilled craftsmen and traders. They produced a wide variety of goods, including Pottery, jewelry, and tools. They also traded with other cultures in the region, including Mesopotamia and Egypt.

The Harappan culture declined around 1900 BCE. The reasons for the decline are not fully understood, but it is thought that Climate Change, warfare, and internal strife may have played a role.

The Aryans were a group of Indo-European peoples who migrated into the Indian subcontinent from Central Asia around 1500 BCE. The Aryans brought with them their own language, culture, and religion.

The Aryans initially settled in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Pakistan and northwestern India. From there, they gradually spread to other parts of the subcontinent.

The Aryans had a significant impact on the development of Indian culture. They introduced their own language, Sanskrit, which became the language of the Hindu scriptures. They also introduced their own religion, Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism, which is still practiced by the majority of Indians today.

The Rig Veda is one of the four Vedas, the sacred texts of Hinduism. It is a collection of hymns, which are believed to have been composed by the Aryans in the second millennium BCE.

The Rig Veda is a valuable source of information about the early Aryans. It provides insights into their religion, their culture, and their way of life.

The Mahabharata is an ancient Indian epic poem. It is one of the longest epic poems in the world, with over 100,000 verses. The Mahabharata tells the story of the Kurukshetra War, a conflict between two branches of the Kuru family.

The Mahabharata is a valuable source of information about ancient Society/”>Indian Society. It provides insights into the social, political, and religious life of India at the time.

The Ramayana is another ancient Indian epic poem. It tells the story of Rama, a prince who is exiled from his kingdom. Rama eventually returns to his kingdom and defeats the evil Ravana.

The Ramayana is a valuable source of information about ancient Indian culture. It provides insights into the religious, social, and political life of India at the time.

The Mauryan Empire was an ancient Indian empire that was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in the 4th century BCE. The Mauryan Empire was one of the largest and most powerful empires in Indian history.

The Mauryan Empire was ruled by a series of powerful emperors, including Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka the Great, and Bindusara. The Mauryan Empire was a major center of Learning and culture.

The Mauryan Empire declined in the 2nd century BCE. The reasons for the decline are not fully understood, but it is thought that internal strife and economic problems may have played a role.

The Gupta Empire was an

Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about Important Ancient Terms for RAS/RTS (Rajasthan) Prelims and Mains Examination:

  1. What is the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization that flourished in the Indus River valley from 3300 to 1300 BCE. It was one of the world’s earliest urban civilizations, and its people were skilled in agriculture, metalworking, and pottery.

  2. What are the Harappans?
    The Harappans were the people who lived in the Indus Valley Civilization. They were a sophisticated people with a complex culture. They built large cities, developed a system of writing, and traded with other civilizations.

  3. What are the main features of the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The main features of the Indus Valley Civilization include its urban centers, its system of writing, its trade networks, and its religious beliefs.

  4. What are the main cities of the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The main cities of the Indus Valley Civilization include Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, and Dholavira. These cities were all large and well-planned, with sophisticated Drainage Systems and public buildings.

  5. What is the Indus Valley script?
    The Indus Valley script is a writing system that was used by the people of the Indus Valley Civilization. It is still not fully understood, but it is thought to have been used for administrative purposes.

  6. What were the trade networks of the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The Indus Valley Civilization had extensive trade networks with other civilizations in Asia. They traded goods such as textiles, metals, and stone.

  7. What were the religious beliefs of the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The religious beliefs of the Indus Valley Civilization are not fully known, but they are thought to have worshipped a number of gods and goddesses. They also built large temples and shrines.

  8. What happened to the Indus Valley Civilization?
    The Indus Valley Civilization declined around 1300 BCE. The reasons for its decline are not fully understood, but it is thought to have been caused by a combination of factors, such as climate change, warfare, and internal strife.

  9. What are the contributions of the Indus Valley Civilization to the world?
    The Indus Valley Civilization made a number of important contributions to the world, including its system of writing, its trade networks, and its religious beliefs. Its cities were also well-planned and had sophisticated drainage systems.

  10. What are some of the challenges facing the study of the Indus Valley Civilization?
    One of the challenges facing the study of the Indus Valley Civilization is that its script is still not fully understood. This makes it difficult to learn about its history and culture. Another challenge is that many of its cities have been destroyed by erosion or by human activity.

  11. What are some of the recent discoveries about the Indus Valley Civilization?
    In recent years, there have been a number of important discoveries about the Indus Valley Civilization. These include the discovery of new cities, the decipherment of some of its script, and the study of its trade networks.

  12. What are some of the controversies surrounding the Indus Valley Civilization?
    One of the controversies surrounding the Indus Valley Civilization is its origin. Some scholars believe that it was founded by people from the Middle East, while others believe that it was founded by people from India. Another controversy is the cause of its decline. Some scholars believe that it was caused by climate change, while others believe that it was caused by warfare or internal strife.

  13. What are some of the myths and misconceptions about the Indus Valley Civilization?
    One myth about the Indus Valley Civilization is that it was a matriarchal society. This is not true. The Indus Valley Civilization was a patriarchal society, with men in positions of power. Another myth is that the Indus Valley Civilization was wiped out by a natural disaster. This is also not true. The Indus Valley Civilization declined for a number of reasons, but it was not wiped out by a single event.

  14. What are some of the Resources for learning more about the Indus Valley Civilization?
    There are a number of resources available for learning more about the Indus Valley Civilization. These include books, articles, websites, and museums.

  1. Which of the following is not a term associated with the Indus Valley Civilization?
    (A) Harappan
    (B) Mohenjo-daro
    (C) Aryan
    (D) Harappa

  2. The Mauryan Empire was founded by:
    (A) Chandragupta Maurya
    (B) Ashoka the Great
    (C) Bindusara
    (D) Samudragupta

  3. The Gupta Empire was founded by:
    (A) Chandragupta I
    (B) Samudragupta
    (C) Chandragupta II
    (D) Kumaragupta I

  4. The Chola Empire was founded by:
    (A) Vijayalaya Chola
    (B) Rajendra Chola I
    (C) Rajaraja Chola I
    (D) Kulottunga Chola I

  5. The Vijayanagara Empire was founded by:
    (A) Harihara I
    (B) Bukka Raya I
    (C) Krishnadeva Raya
    (D) Achyuta Raya

  6. The Mughal Empire was founded by:
    (A) Babur
    (B) Humayun
    (C) Akbar
    (D) Jahangir

  7. The MARATHA EMPIRE was founded by:
    (A) Shivaji Maharaj
    (B) Sambhaji Maharaj
    (C) Rajaram I
    (D) Shahu I

  8. The Sikh Empire was founded by:
    (A) Guru Nanak Dev Ji
    (B) Guru Gobind Singh Ji
    (C) Guru Hargobind Ji
    (D) Guru Arjun Dev Ji

  9. The British East India Company was founded in:
    (A) 1600
    (B) 1602
    (C) 1608
    (D) 1612

  10. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was also known as:
    (A) The Sepoy Mutiny
    (B) The First War of Indian Independence
    (C) The Indian Mutiny
    (D) The Great Rebellion

  11. The Indian National Congress was founded in:
    (A) 1885
    (B) 1887
    (C) 1889
    (D) 1891

  12. The All-India Muslim League was founded in:
    (A) 1906
    (B) 1908
    (C) 1910
    (D) 1912

  13. The Indian Independence Act was passed in:
    (A) 1947
    (B) 1948
    (C) 1949
    (D) 1950

  14. The Republic of India was founded on:
    (A) January 26, 1950
    (B) August 15, 1947
    (C) October 2, 1947
    (D) December 16, 1947

  15. The current President of India is:
    (A) Ram Nath Kovind
    (B) Pranab Mukherjee
    (C) Pratibha Patil
    (D) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam

  16. The current Prime Minister of India is:
    (A) Narendra Modi
    (B) Manmohan Singh
    (C) Indira Gandhi
    (D) Rajiv Gandhi

  17. The Official Language of India is:
    (A) Hindi
    (B) English
    (C) Sanskrit
    (D) Tamil

  18. The National Anthem of India is:
    (A) Jana Gana Mana
    (B) Vande Mataram
    (C) Saare Jahan Se Accha
    (D) Hamdard

  19. The National Flag of India is:
    (A) Saffron, white, and green
    (B) Orange, white, and green
    (C) Red, white, and green
    (D) Blue, white, and green

  20. The national animal of India is:
    (A) Tiger
    (B) Lion
    (C) Elephant
    (D) Rhinoceros

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