Important Acts

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The Govt. of India Act Gave assurance that there would be no more territorial possessions. Titles were 1858 bestowed  on  many  princes  &  the  right  of  adoption  was  accepted.  No

 

 

 

  interference in religious matters.
The Indian Council Provided  that  there  was  no  difference  between  the  central  &  provincial
Act 1861 subjects. The number of additional members in the council was fixed between
  four to eight. The Act also provided the Madras & Bombay governments the
  right to make laws.
Morley Minto The number of members in the Imperial Legislative Council was raised to 69
Reforms 1909 out  of  which  37  were  to  be  govt  nominees  &  32  non-govt.  The  non-govt
  nominees  comprised  5  members  nominated  by  the  governor  general  &  27
  elected  members  (13  represented  Maharajas,  6  land  lords,  6  muslims  &  2
  Chambers of Commerce in Bengal & Bombay).
Montagu-Chelmsford Setup a bifurcated legislature consisting of two houses ie the Council of States
Reforms 1919. &  the  Central  Legislative  Assembly,  in  place  of  former  Imperial  Coucil
  consisting of only one house. Some of the functions of the Secretary of State
  were taken from him & given to the high commissioner for Inida who was to
  be appointed & paid by the government of India. For the first time the King’s
  Council was established. The ambit of communal electorates was exapned to
  give  representation  to  the  Sikhs,  Anglo  Indians,  Europeans  &  Christians
  alongwith the Muslims. The representation of Indians was increased in both
  the central as well as provincial legislatures.
Govt of India Act Contained 451 articles. It was to have two chambers, the council of state & the
1935 federal  assembly.  The  Indian  council  was  abolished.  Expanded  communal
  representation.  Decided  to  establish  a  federation  of  India  consisting  of
  Governor’s provinces & princely states. It was compulsory for the governor’s
  provinces to accede to the proposed federation, whereas in the case of princely
  states, it was voluntary. All constituent parts of the federation were to have full
  interinal autonomy. To implement the act it was proposed to establish a federal
  executive  &  a  federal  legislature.  Under  the  act,  dyarchy  in  the  provinces
  earlier established by the act of 1919 was replaced by Provincial Autonomy.
  The  distinction  between  reserved  subjects  &  transferred  subjects  was
  abolished. Burma was separated from India. The governor was not bound to
  accept the advice of council of ministers.

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Acts of Parliament

The Magna Carta, or Great Charter, is a charter of rights agreed to by King John of England at Runnymede on 15 June 1215. It was one of the first documents to limit the power of the Monarchy by establishing the principle that the king was subject to the law. The Magna Carta has been cited as an inspiration for many later documents, including the United States Constitution.

The Bill of Rights 1689 is an English law that sets out certain rights and freedoms that are guaranteed to all British citizens. It was passed by Parliament in response to the Glorious Revolution of 1688, which saw King James II deposed and replaced by his daughter Mary II and her husband William III. The Bill of Rights includes the right to freedom of speech, the right to bear arms, and the right to a fair trial.

The Act of Settlement 1701 is an English law that established the Protestant SUCCESSION to the British throne. It was passed by Parliament in response to the death of Queen Anne, who had no surviving children. The Act of Settlement stipulated that the throne would pass to Sophia of Hanover, the granddaughter of King James I, and her descendants. The Act of Settlement also established the principle of parliamentary supremacy, which means that Parliament is the highest authority in the land.

The Parliament Act 1911 is an English law that limited the power of the House of Lords. It was passed by Parliament in response to the Lords’ repeated rejection of the People’s Budget, which was a set of proposals to raise taxes on the wealthy in order to fund social programs. The Parliament Act 1911 gave the House of Commons the power to pass legislation without the approval of the House of Lords, if the Commons passed the legislation three times.

The European Communities Act 1972 is an English law that allowed the United Kingdom to join the European Economic Community (EEC), which later became the European Union (EU). The Act was passed by Parliament in 1972, and the UK joined the EEC on 1 January 1973. The European Communities Act 1972 gave effect to the EEC treaties in UK law.

The Human Rights Act 1998 is an English law that incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law. The Act was passed by Parliament in 1998, and came into force on 2 October 2000. The Human Rights Act 1998 gives effect to the European Convention on Human Rights in UK law, which means that UK courts can use the Convention to decide cases.

The Equality Act 2010 is an English law that prohibits discrimination on the grounds of age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil PARTNERSHIP, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation. The Act was passed by Parliament in 2010, and came into force on 1 October 2010. The Equality Act 2010 replaced a number of previous anti-discrimination laws, and is the most comprehensive anti-discrimination law in the UK.

The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 is an English law that allows same-sex couples to marry. The Act was passed by Parliament in 2013, and came into force on 13 March 2014. The Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 is the first law in the UK to allow same-sex couples to marry.

The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is an English law that regulates the powers of the police and other public bodies to collect and use information about people. The Act was passed by Parliament in 2016, and came into force on 1 December 2016. The Investigatory Powers Act 2016 is the most comprehensive law on surveillance in the UK.

The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 is an English law that sets out the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union. The Act was passed by Parliament in 2018, and came into force on 29 March 2019. The European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 sets out the terms of the UK’s withdrawal from the EU, including the transition period and the future relationship between the UK and the EU.

The Health and Care Act 2022 is an English law that reforms the NHS. The Act was passed by Parliament in 2022, and came into force on 1 April 2022. The Health and Care Act 2022 reforms the way the NHS is run, including the creation of integrated care systems and the introduction of a new payment system for hospitals.

Acts of the United States Congress

Here are some frequently asked questions and short answers about important acts:

  1. What is the Clean Air Act?
    The Clean Air Act is a United States federal law designed to control Air Pollution on a national level. It is one of the United States’ first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive air quality laws in the world.

  2. What is the Clean Water Act?
    The Clean Water Act is a United States federal law designed to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological Integrity of the nation’s waters. It is one of the United States’ first and most influential modern environmental laws, and one of the most comprehensive water quality laws in the world.

  3. What is the Endangered Species Act?
    The Endangered Species Act of 1973 is a United States federal law that provides for the conservation of endangered and threatened species of Plants and animals. The law was passed in response to a growing public concern about the declining populations of many species, and it has been credited with helping to save some of the most iconic animals in the world, such as the bald eagle and the grizzly bear.

  4. What is the National Environmental Policy Act?
    The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a United States federal law that requires all federal agencies to consider the environmental impact of their actions before taking them. The law was passed in 1970, and it has been credited with helping to improve the environmental quality of the United States.

  5. What is the Safe drinking water Act?
    The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is a United States federal law that regulates the nation’s drinking water supply. The law was passed in 1974, and it has been amended several times since then. The SDWA sets standards for the quality of drinking water, and it requires public water systems to monitor their water quality and to take steps to ensure that their water meets the standards.

  6. What is the Toxic Substances Control Act?
    The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is a United States federal law that regulates the manufacture, importation, use, and disposal of chemicals. The law was passed in 1976, and it has been amended several times since then. The TSCA requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to evaluate the risks of chemicals and to take action to protect human health and the Environment.

  7. What is the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act?
    The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) is a United States federal law that regulates the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste. The law was passed in 1976, and it has been amended several times since then. The RCRA requires generators of hazardous waste to obtain permits from the EPA, and it sets standards for the treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste.

  8. What is the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act?
    The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), also known as Superfund, is a United States federal law that authorizes the cleanup of hazardous waste sites. The law was passed in 1980, and it has been amended several times since then. The CERCLA creates a trust fund that is used to pay for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites, and it also establishes a liability system that holds responsible parties accountable for the cleanup costs.

  9. What is the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act?
    The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is a United States federal law that regulates the use of pesticides. The law was passed in 1947, and it has been amended several times since then. The FIFRA requires pesticides to be registered with the EPA before they can be sold or used, and it sets standards for the safety of pesticides.

  10. What is the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act?
    The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) is a United States federal law that regulates the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics. The law was passed in 1938, and it has been amended several times since then. The FFDCA requires food and drugs to be safe and effective, and it sets standards for the labeling of food and drugs.

Sure, here are some MCQs on the following topics:

  • The Constitution of India

  • The Constitution of India was adopted on:
    (a) 26 November 1949
    (b) 26 January 1950
    (c) 15 August 1947
    (d) 12 March 1946

  • The Preamble to the Constitution of India states that India is a:
    (a) Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
    (b) Sovereign, Democratic, Republic
    (c) Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
    (d) Sovereign, Democratic, Secular State

  • The President of India is elected by:
    (a) The members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha
    (b) The members of the Electoral College
    (c) The members of the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, and the Legislative Assemblies of the States
    (d) The members of the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha, and the Legislative Assemblies of the States, and the Union Territories

  • The Prime Minister of India is appointed by:
    (a) The President of India
    (b) The Vice President of India
    (c) The Speaker of the Lok Sabha
    (d) The Justice-of-india/”>Chief Justice of India

  • The Supreme Court of India is the highest court in India. It consists of:
    (a) The Chief Justice of India and 25 other judges
    (b) The Chief Justice of India and 30 other judges
    (c) The Chief Justice of India and 35 other judges
    (d) The Chief Justice of India and 40 other judges

  • The Indian Penal Code

  • The Indian Penal Code was enacted in:
    (a) 1860
    (b) 1861
    (c) 1862
    (d) 1863

  • The Indian Penal Code is a:
    (a) Civil Code
    (b) Criminal Code
    (c) Commercial Code
    (d) Constitutional Code

  • The Indian Penal Code contains:
    (a) 511 sections
    (b) 512 sections
    (c) 513 sections
    (d) 514 sections

  • The maximum punishment that can be imposed under the Indian Penal Code is:
    (a) Death
    (b) Imprisonment for life
    (c) Imprisonment for a term of 20 years
    (d) Imprisonment for a term of 10 years

  • The minimum punishment that can be imposed under the Indian Penal Code is:
    (a) Imprisonment for a term of one day
    (b) Imprisonment for a term of three days
    (c) Imprisonment for a term of seven days
    (d) Imprisonment for a term of fourteen days

  • The Code of Criminal Procedure

  • The Code of Criminal Procedure was enacted in:
    (a) 1860
    (b) 1861
    (c) 1862
    (d) 1863

  • The Code of Criminal Procedure is a:
    (a) Civil Code
    (b) Criminal Code
    (c) Commercial Code
    (d) Constitutional Code

  • The Code of Criminal Procedure contains:
    (a) 511 sections
    (b) 512 sections
    (c) 513 sections
    (d) 514 sections

  • The maximum punishment that can be imposed under the Code of Criminal Procedure is:
    (a) Death
    (b) Imprisonment for life
    (c) Imprisonment for a term of 20 years
    (d) Imprisonment for a term of 10 years

  • The minimum punishment that can be imposed under the Code of Criminal Procedure is:
    (a) Imprisonment for a term of one day
    (b) Imprisonment for a term of three days
    (c) Imprisonment for a term of seven days
    (d) Imprisonment for a term of fourteen days

I hope this helps!

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