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Gujarat is known for its climatic diversity. The salient aspects of Climate in Gujarat are listed below:
| Area | 1,96,024 sq km |
| Rainfall | Average annual rainfall: 93.2cm |
| Temperature | Summer(March to May): 25 to 45°C Winter(November to February): 15 to 35°C |
| Eco System | Ranges from deserts, scrublands, grasslands, deciduous forests, and wetlands to MANGROVES, coral reefs, estuaries, and gulfs. |
| Climate | Wet in the southern districts and dry in the north-west region Winter: November to February Summer: March to May Monsoon: June to October |
Annual Rainfall
Climatically, a year in Gujarat can be divided into three seasons, the winter from November to February, the summer from March to May and monsoon months from June to September, with October being the superseding month. There is a great variety in the climatic conditions across the state of Gujarat. The different parts of it have obviously dissimilar climatic conditions. The places that lie close to the coasts are moist whereas the ones lying in the center experiences a completely diverse climatic condition. The Rann of Kutch area suffers an excessive climate where the summers are tremendously hot while the winters are too cold. On the other hand, the coastal regions and the eastern belt of Gujarat enjoys a pleasant weather with modest rainfall during the monsoons.
Seasons of Gujarat:
Winter
Winter season in Gujarat is from November to February. During the winters the weather in Gujarat is mild and dry with standard temperatures ranging around 12°C at night temperatures and during the day time it inhabits 29°C.
Summer
Summer season in Gujarat is from March to May. The summers in the state are tremendously hot and arid, with daytime temperatures rising up to around 41°C and night temperatures up to 29°C. Once the monsoons turn up in mid-June, the day temperature drops to 35°C and night temperature falls to around 27°C, though the clamminess remains very high.
Rainy Season
During rainy seasons, some places in the state may be flooded due to heavy rain. Due to proximity to Arabian sea, Monsoon reached early to Gujarat coast.
Geography and Its Effect on Climate
Gujarat is the western most state in India that occupies the northern boundary of the western coastline of India. The state is enclosed by Pakistan and the state of Rajasthan in the north-west and north respectively. To the east it borders Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. The Union Territories of Daman, Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli lie to the south of Gujarat. The state is also bounded by the Arabian Sea in the west and the south-west.
Saurashtra Peninsula is a hilly tract with low Mountains of 300-600 meter. It is bordered by the coastal plains.
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The climate of Gujarat is tropical, with hot, humid summers and mild winters. The average temperature in Ahmedabad, the state capital, ranges from 20°C (68°F) in January to 38°C (100°F) in May. The monsoon rains, which are essential for agriculture, usually fall from June to September.
Temperature
The average temperature in Gujarat varies from 20°C (68°F) in January to 38°C (100°F) in May. The hottest month is May, while the coldest month is January. The temperature in Gujarat is influenced by the Monsoon Winds. The monsoon winds blow from the southwest during the summer months, bringing heavy rains to the state.
Rainfall
The average annual rainfall in Gujarat is 700 mm (28 in). The monsoon rains, which are essential for agriculture, usually fall from June to September. The heaviest rainfall occurs in July and August. The state experiences a dry spell from October to May.
Humidity
The humidity in Gujarat is high, especially during the summer months. The average relative humidity in Ahmedabad is 70%. The humidity is highest in May and June, when the monsoon rains are at their peak.
Wind speed
The average wind speed in Gujarat is 10 km/h (6 mph). The wind speed is highest in May and June, when the monsoon rains are at their peak. The wind speed is lowest in January and February, when the weather is cold and dry.
Sunshine hours
The average sunshine hours in Gujarat are 300 per year. The sunshine hours are highest in April and May, when the weather is hot and dry. The sunshine hours are lowest in December and January, when the weather is cold and cloudy.
Gujarat is one of the states in India that is most vulnerable to climate change. The state is already experiencing the effects of climate change, such as rising temperatures, more frequent and intense droughts, and more erratic rainfall patterns. These changes are having a significant impact on the state’s economy, agriculture, and Environment.
Impact Of Climate Change on agriculture
Climate change is having a significant impact on agriculture in Gujarat. The rising temperatures are making it difficult for crops to grow, and the more frequent and intense droughts are making it difficult for farmers to irrigate their crops. The erratic rainfall patterns are also making it difficult for farmers to plan their planting and harvesting schedules.
Impact of climate change on water Resources
Climate change is also having a significant impact on the state’s Water Resources. The rising temperatures are causing the Glaciers in the Himalayas to melt, which is leading to an increase in the flow of water in the rivers. However, the more frequent and intense droughts are also leading to a decrease in the flow of water in the rivers. This is making it difficult for the state to meet its water needs for agriculture, Industry, and domestic use.
Impact of climate change on human Health
Climate change is also having a significant impact on human health in Gujarat. The rising temperatures are making it difficult for people to stay cool, and the more frequent and intense heat waves are leading to an increase in the number of heat-related deaths. The erratic rainfall patterns are also leading to an increase in the number of waterborne diseases.
Adaptation to climate change
The State Government of Gujarat is taking a number of measures to adapt to climate change. These measures include:
- Increasing the use of RENEWABLE ENERGY sources, such as solar and wind power.
- Improving the efficiency of water use in agriculture and industry.
- Building Dams and reservoirs to store water during the monsoon rains.
- Raising awareness about the risks of climate change and the need to adapt to it.
Mitigation of climate change
The state government of Gujarat is also taking a number of measures to mitigate climate change. These measures include:
- Reducing the use of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil.
- Increasing the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power.
- Planting trees to absorb carbon dioxide from the Atmosphere.
- Raising awareness about the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
What is the climate of Gujarat?
Gujarat has a tropical climate with hot, humid summers and mild, dry winters. The average temperature in Ahmedabad, the state capital, ranges from 25°C (77°F) in January to 40°C (104°F) in May. The monsoon rains typically fall from June to September.
What is the best time to visit Gujarat?
The best time to visit Gujarat is during the winter months (November to February), when the weather is mild and pleasant. The monsoon rains can make travel difficult during the summer months (June to September).
What are some of the popular tourist attractions in Gujarat?
Some of the popular tourist attractions in Gujarat include the following:
- The Akshardham Temple in Gandhinagar is a Hindu temple complex that is one of the largest in the world.
- The Somnath Temple in Prabhas Patan is a Hindu temple that is one of the 12 Jyotirlingas, or most sacred shrines of Shiva.
- The Dholavira archaeological site in Kutch is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was once a major city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
- The Gir National Park in Junagadh is home to the Asiatic lion, the only Population of lions in the wild outside of Africa.
- The Rann of Kutch is a vast salt marsh in the Kutch district that is home to a variety of wildlife, including flamingos, wild asses, and crocodiles.
What are some of the traditional foods of Gujarat?
Some of the traditional foods of Gujarat include the following:
- Thepla is a flatbread made from wheat flour and spices.
- Khichdi is a rice and lentil dish.
- Dal Dhokli is a dish made from lentils, rice, and dumplings.
- Roti is a flatbread made from wheat flour.
- Chaat is a savory snack made from a variety of ingredients, including potatoes, chickpeas, and yogurt.
What are some of the popular festivals in Gujarat?
Some of the popular festivals in Gujarat include the following:
- Navratri is a nine-day festival that is celebrated in honor of the goddess Durga.
- Diwali is a five-day festival of lights that is celebrated at the end of the Hindu lunisolar calendar year.
- Holi is a spring festival that is celebrated with colors and water.
- Raksha Bandhan is a festival of love and protection that is celebrated between brothers and sisters.
- Janmashtami is the birthday of Krishna, one of the most important deities in Hinduism-2/”>Hinduism.
What are some of the popular languages spoken in Gujarat?
Gujarati is the Official Language of Gujarat. Other languages spoken in Gujarat include Hindi, Urdu, and English.
What is the currency of Gujarat?
The currency of Gujarat is the Indian rupee (INR).
What is the time zone in Gujarat?
Gujarat is in the Indian Standard Time (IST) time zone, which is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
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Gujarat is located in which of the following climate zones?
(A) Tropical monsoon climate
(B) Mediterranean Climate
(C) Continental climate
(D) Subarctic climate -
The average temperature in Gujarat ranges from which of the following?
(A) 10°C to 20°C
(B) 20°C to 30°C
(C) 30°C to 40°C
(D) 40°C to 50°C -
The wettest month in Gujarat is which of the following?
(A) June
(B) July
(C) August
(D) September -
The driest month in Gujarat is which of the following?
(A) December
(B) January
(C) February
(D) March -
The average annual rainfall in Gujarat is which of the following?
(A) 500 mm
(B) 1000 mm
(C) 1500 mm
(D) 2000 mm -
The main source of water in Gujarat is which of the following?
(A) Rainfall
(B) Rivers
(C) Lakes
(D) Aquifers -
The main crops grown in Gujarat are which of the following?
(A) Wheat
(B) Rice
(C) Cotton
(D) Sugarcane -
The main industries in Gujarat are which of the following?
(A) Textiles
(B) Chemicals
(C) Petroleum
(D) Gems and jewelry -
The main tourist attractions in Gujarat are which of the following?
(A) The Sabarmati Ashram
(B) The Modhera Sun Temple
(C) The Gir National Park
(D) The Somnath Temple -
The capital of Gujarat is which of the following?
(A) Ahmedabad
(B) Gandhinagar
(C) Surat
(D) Vadodara