GRE: A Comprehensive Guide
What is the GRE?
The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) is a standardized test widely used for admission to graduate schools in the United States and around the world. It assesses a candidate’s verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing skills, providing a common measure for graduate programs to evaluate applicants.
GRE Test Structure
The GRE is a computer-based test consisting of three sections:
| Section | Time | Number of Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Verbal Reasoning | 30 minutes | 20 questions |
| Quantitative Reasoning | 35 minutes | 20 questions |
| Analytical Writing | 30 minutes per essay | 2 essays |
Verbal Reasoning
This section evaluates a candidate’s ability to understand and analyze written material, including:
- Reading Comprehension: Passages from various disciplines, followed by multiple-choice questions testing comprehension, analysis, and inference.
- Text Completion: Sentence completion questions with multiple-choice Options, testing vocabulary, grammar, and logical reasoning.
- Sentence Equivalence: Sentence completion questions with two blanks, requiring the selection of two words that best fit the meaning of the sentence.
Quantitative Reasoning
This section assesses a candidate’s mathematical skills, including:
- Arithmetic: Basic arithmetic operations, number properties, percentages, ratios, and proportions.
| Algebra: Linear equations, quadratic equations, inequalities, and functions. - Geometry: Basic geometric concepts, including lines, angles, triangles, circles, and solid figures.
- Data Analysis: Interpretation of data presented in tables, graphs, and charts.
Analytical Writing
This section evaluates a candidate’s ability to analyze and articulate complex ideas in a clear and concise manner. It consists of two essays:
- Issue Essay: Presents a statement of opinion and requires the candidate to analyze the issue, present their own perspective, and support their argument with relevant examples.
- Argument Essay: Presents an argument and requires the candidate to analyze the argument’s logic, identify flaws, and propose alternative explanations.
GRE Scoring
The GRE is scored on a scale of 130-170 for the Verbal Reasoning and Quantitative Reasoning sections, with each section scored in 1-point increments. The Analytical Writing section is scored on a scale of 0-6, with each essay scored independently by two raters.
Preparing for the GRE
- Understand the Test Structure: Familiarize yourself with the test format, question types, and scoring system.
- Practice with Official Materials: Use official GRE practice tests and questions to get a realistic sense of the exam.
- Review Fundamental Concepts: Brush up on basic math, grammar, and vocabulary.
- Develop Time Management Skills: Practice answering questions within the allotted time.
- Improve Reading Comprehension: Develop strategies for reading and analyzing complex texts.
- Practice Writing Essays: Familiarize yourself with the essay prompts and practice writing essays under timed conditions.
- Seek Professional Guidance: Consider enrolling in a GRE preparation course or working with a tutor.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How often can I take the GRE?
You can take the GRE up to five times within a 12-month period. However, there is a minimum waiting period of 21 days between test attempts.
2. What is the cost of the GRE?
The cost of the GRE varies depending on the test center location. As of 2023, the cost is approximately $205 in the United States.
3. How long are GRE scores valid?
GRE scores are valid for five years from the test date.
4. What are the minimum GRE scores required for admission to graduate schools?
Minimum GRE scores vary depending on the specific program and university. It is recommended to check the admission requirements of each program you are interested in.
5. Can I retake the GRE?
Yes, you can retake the GRE as many times as you like. However, only your highest scores will be reported to graduate schools.
6. What are some tips for improving my GRE score?
- Practice regularly: Consistent practice is key to improving your score.
- Focus on your weaknesses: Identify your areas of weakness and dedicate extra time to studying those topics.
- Take breaks: Avoid burnout by taking regular breaks during your study sessions.
- Get enough sleep: Adequate sleep is essential for optimal cognitive function.
- Stay calm and focused: Manage your Stress levels and maintain a positive mindset during the exam.
7. What are some Resources for GRE preparation?
- Official GRE website: Provides practice tests, study materials, and information about the exam.
- GRE preparation books and online courses: Numerous resources are available to help you prepare for the GRE.
- GRE practice apps: Mobile apps offer convenient access to practice questions and study materials.
8. What are some tips for writing the GRE essays?
- Plan your essays: Outline your ideas before you start writing.
- Use clear and concise language: Avoid jargon and complex sentence structures.
- Support your arguments with evidence: Provide specific examples and reasoning to back up your claims.
- Proofread carefully: Check for grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors.
9. What are some strategies for answering GRE reading comprehension questions?
- Read the passage carefully: Pay attention to the main idea, supporting details, and author’s tone.
- Identify the key words in the question: Determine what the question is asking.
- Locate the relevant information in the passage: Use key words to find the answer.
- Eliminate incorrect answer choices: Focus on the most likely answer and eliminate any options that are irrelevant or contradicted by the passage.
10. What are some tips for solving GRE quantitative reasoning problems?
- Understand the concepts: Review basic math principles and formulas.
- Read the problem carefully: Identify the key information and what the problem is asking.
- Use the provided information: Don’t make assumptions or add extra information.
- Check your answers: Verify your calculations and ensure your answer makes sense in the context of the problem.
Table 1: GRE Score Percentiles
| Score | Verbal Reasoning Percentile | Quantitative Reasoning Percentile |
|---|---|---|
| 170 | 99th | 99th |
| 160 | 90th | 90th |
| 150 | 75th | 75th |
| 140 | 50th | 50th |
| 130 | 25th | 25th |
Table 2: GRE Score Ranges for Top Graduate Schools
| Program | Average Verbal Score | Average Quantitative Score |
|---|---|---|
| MBA | 155-165 | 160-170 |
| Engineering | 150-160 | 165-170 |
| Law | 150-160 | 155-165 |
| Medicine | 155-165 | 160-170 |
| Humanities | 150-160 | 145-155 |
Note: These are just general guidelines, and actual score ranges may vary depending on the specific program and university.