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Drainage is the natural process of water flowing over the surface of the Earth. It is a major factor in shaping the landscape, and it plays an important role in the distribution of water Resources.
There are two main types of drainage: internal drainage and external drainage. Internal drainage occurs when water flows from higher to lower elevations within a landmass. External drainage occurs when water flows from a landmass to the ocean.
India is a land of great diversity, and its Drainage System reflects this. The country has three major drainage basins: the Himalayan, Peninsular, and North-Eastern basins.
The Himalayan basin is the largest of the three, and it is home to some of the world’s largest rivers, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Indus. These rivers are fed by the melting snow and ice of the Himalayas, and they provide water for Irrigation, drinking, and hydroelectric power.
The Peninsular basin is located in the southern part of India, and it is home to rivers such as the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery. These rivers are fed by the monsoon rains, and they are important for irrigation and drinking water.
The North-Eastern basin is located in the northeastern part of India, and it is home to rivers such as the Brahmaputra, Barak, and Meghna. These rivers are fed by the monsoon rains, and they are important for irrigation and drinking water.
India’s rivers are a vital part of the country’s economy and Environment. They provide water for irrigation, drinking, and hydroelectric power. They also play an important role in the transportation of goods and people.
However, India’s rivers are also facing a number of challenges, including pollution, deforestation, and Climate change. These challenges are threatening the Health of the rivers and the people who depend on them.
It is important to protect India’s rivers so that they can continue to provide the many benefits that they offer. This can be done by reducing pollution, planting trees, and adapting to Climate Change.
By taking these steps, we can ensure that India’s rivers will continue to be a source of life and prosperity for generations to come.
Conclusion
India’s rivers are a vital part of the country’s economy and environment. They provide water for irrigation, drinking, and hydroelectric power. They also play an important role in the transportation of goods and people.
However, India’s rivers are also facing a number of challenges, including pollution, deforestation, and climate change. These challenges are threatening the health of the rivers and the people who depend on them.
It is important to protect India’s rivers so that they can continue to provide the many benefits that they offer. This can be done by reducing pollution, planting trees, and adapting to climate change.
By taking these steps, we can ensure that India’s rivers will continue to be a source of life and prosperity for generations to come.
Drainage
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. It is a major factor in the formation of Landforms, and it plays an important role in the water cycle.
Types of drainage
There are two main types of drainage: surface drainage and subsurface drainage.
- Surface drainage is the flow of water over the surface of the land. It is caused by Precipitation, such as rain or snow, and by melting snow and ice.
- Subsurface drainage is the flow of water through the Soil and rocks below the surface of the land. It is caused by gravity and by the pressure of water in the soil.
Drainage basins
A drainage basin is an area of land that is drained by a river and its tributaries. The boundary of a drainage basin is called a watershed.
Drainage basins of India
India has 16 major drainage basins. The largest drainage basin in India is the Ganga basin, which covers an area of about 1,000,000 square kilometers. The other major drainage basins in India are the Brahmaputra basin, the Indus basin, the Mahanadi basin, the Godavari basin, the Krishna basin, the Cauvery basin, the Narmada basin, the Tapti basin, the Sabarmati basin, the Mahi basin, the Luni basin, the Chambal basin, and the Betwa basin.
Frequently asked questions
-
What is drainage?
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of surface and sub-surface water from an area. -
What are the types of drainage?
There are two main types of drainage: surface drainage and subsurface drainage. -
What is a drainage basin?
A drainage basin is an area of land that is drained by a river and its tributaries. -
What are the drainage basins of India?
India has 16 major drainage basins. The largest drainage basin in India is the Ganga basin, which covers an area of about 1,000,000 square kilometers. The other major drainage basins in India are the Brahmaputra basin, the Indus basin, the Mahanadi basin, the Godavari basin, the Krishna basin, the Cauvery basin, the Narmada basin, the Tapti basin, the Sabarmati basin, the Mahi basin, the Luni basin, the Chambal basin, and the Betwa basin. -
What are the benefits of good drainage?
Good drainage has many benefits, including: -
Reducing the risk of flooding
- Improving water quality
- Promoting the Growth of Plants
- Reducing soil erosion
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Conserving water
-
What are the problems of poor drainage?
Poor drainage can cause many problems, including: -
Flooding
- Water Pollution
- Soil erosion
- Water shortages
-
Health problems
-
How can drainage be improved?
Drainage can be improved by a number of methods, including: -
Building Dams and levees
- Creating drainage ditches
- Planting trees and shrubs
-
Using artificial Drainage Systems
-
What is the importance of drainage in agriculture?
Drainage is essential for agriculture. Without drainage, water would collect on the surface of the soil, making it difficult for plants to grow. Drainage also helps to remove excess salts from the soil, which can damage crops. -
What is the importance of drainage in urban areas?
Drainage is also important in urban areas. Without drainage, rainwater would collect on streets and sidewalks, causing flooding and erosion. Drainage also helps to remove sewage and other pollutants from the water supply. -
What are some of the challenges of drainage management?
Drainage management can be challenging due to a number of factors, including: -
The cost of construction and maintenance
- The need to balance the needs of different users, such as farmers, urban residents, and industries
- The Impact Of Climate Change on rainfall patterns
- The need to protect the environment
Question 1
Which of the following is not a type of drainage?
(A) Internal drainage
(B) External drainage
(C) Continental drainage
(D) Oceanic drainage
Answer
(C) Continental drainage
Continental drainage is not a type of drainage. The other three Options are all types of drainage.
Question 2
Which of the following is the largest river in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the largest river in India. It is also one of the longest rivers in the world. The Ganga flows through the northern states of India and is a major source of water for irrigation and drinking water.
Question 3
Which of the following is the largest river basin in India?
(A) Ganga basin
(B) Brahmaputra basin
(C) Indus basin
(D) Narmada basin
Answer
(A) Ganga basin
The Ganga basin is the largest river basin in India. It covers an area of over 1 million square kilometers. The Ganga basin is home to over 400 million people.
Question 4
Which of the following is the most important river for irrigation in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most important river for irrigation in India. It is used to irrigate over 50 million hectares of land. The Ganga is also a major source of drinking water for millions of people.
Question 5
Which of the following is the most important river for hydroelectric power in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(B) Brahmaputra
The Brahmaputra is the most important river for hydroelectric power in India. It has the potential to generate over 50,000 megawatts of electricity. The Brahmaputra is also a major source of drinking water for millions of people.
Question 6
Which of the following is the most important river for navigation in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most important river for navigation in India. It is navigable for over 2,000 kilometers. The Ganga is used to transport goods and people.
Question 7
Which of the following is the most important river for tourism in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most important river for tourism in India. It is home to many temples and shrines. The Ganga is also a popular destination for river rafting and kayaking.
Question 8
Which of the following is the most polluted river in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most polluted river in India. It is polluted with sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff. The pollution in the Ganga has a negative impact on the health of people who live near the river.
Question 9
Which of the following is the most important river for Fisheries-2/”>Fisheries in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most important river for fisheries in India. It is home to over 100 species of fish. The Ganga is also a popular destination for fishing.
Question 10
Which of the following is the most important river for wildlife in India?
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
Answer
(A) Ganga
The Ganga is the most important river for wildlife in India. It is home to over 100 species of mammals, birds, and reptiles. The Ganga is also a popular destination for wildlife watching.