<<–2/”>a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/5653-2/”>p>Let’s break down the lytic and lysogenic cycles in detail.
Introduction
Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) exhibit two primary life cycles: the lytic cycle and the lysogenic cycle. These cycles represent different strategies for viral replication and survival within their bacterial hosts.
Key Differences: Lytic vs. Lysogenic Cycles
| Feature | Lytic Cycle | Lysogenic Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| Outcome for Host Cell | Destruction of the host cell (lysis) | Integration of viral DNA into host genome (prophage), host cell survives |
| Viral Replication | Immediate production of new viral particles | Viral DNA replicates along with host DNA, no immediate production of new viral particles |
| Induction | Not applicable (cycle proceeds directly to lysis) | Environmental triggers can cause the prophage to excise from the host genome and enter lytic cycle |
| Examples of Viruses | T4 bacteriophage | Lambda phage |
Advantages and Disadvantages
| Cycle | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Lytic | Rapid production of new viral particles, efficient spread of infection | Kills the host cell, limiting the potential for long-term viral survival |
| Lysogenic | Allows the virus to persist within a Population without killing the host, viral DNA gets passed on to daughter cells of the host | Slower replication compared to the lytic cycle, dependent on host survival |
Similarities between Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles
- Both cycles begin with the bacteriophage attaching to the bacterial cell and injecting its genetic material.
- Both involve the replication of viral DNA within the host cell.
FAQs on Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles
Q: Which cycle is more common in bacteriophages?
A: The lytic cycle is generally more common, as it results in the rapid production and spread of new viral particles.
Q: Can a virus switch between the lytic and lysogenic cycles?
A: Yes, some viruses, known as temperate phages, have the ability to switch between the two cycles depending on environmental conditions.
Q: Are the lytic and lysogenic cycles only seen in bacteriophages?
A: While these cycles are well-studied in bacteriophages, similar strategies can be seen in other types of viruses that infect eukaryotic cells.
Q: What are the applications of understanding these cycles?
A: Understanding these cycles is crucial for developing antiviral therapies, phage therapy (using phages to treat bacterial infections), and Genetic engineering techniques.
Let me know if you’d like more details on any specific aspect of the lytic or lysogenic cycles!