{"id":16596,"date":"2025-09-02T18:50:04","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:50:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/?p=16596"},"modified":"2025-09-02T18:50:04","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T18:50:04","slug":"daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Current Affairs and News Analysis 26-07-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"talisman-sabre-25\">\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_69 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Talisman_Sabre_25\" title=\"Talisman Sabre 25\">Talisman Sabre 25<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Kargil_Victory_Day\" title=\"Kargil Victory Day\">Kargil Victory Day<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Indias_Climate_Climb\" title=\"India&#8217;s Climate Climb\">India&#8217;s Climate Climb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#2025_Henley_Q2_Passport\" title=\"2025 Henley Q2 Passport\">2025 Henley Q2 Passport<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Boundaries\" title=\"Boundaries\">Boundaries<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#India_Tribal_Genome\" title=\"India Tribal Genome\">India Tribal Genome<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Thai-Cambodia_Border\" title=\"Thai-Cambodia Border\">Thai-Cambodia Border<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#E3_Group\" title=\"E3 Group\">E3 Group<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Folk_Art_Forms\" title=\"Folk Art Forms\">Folk Art Forms<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Swaminathans_Mangrove_Legacy\" title=\"Swaminathan&#8217;s Mangrove Legacy\">Swaminathan&#8217;s Mangrove Legacy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Nat_Coop_Pol_2025\" title=\"Nat Coop Pol 2025\">Nat Coop Pol 2025<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Export_Mission\" title=\"Export Mission\">Export Mission<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/#Kargil_Revamp_J_K_Security\" title=\"Kargil Revamp: J&#038;K Security\">Kargil Revamp: J&#038;K Security<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Talisman_Sabre_25\"><\/span>Talisman Sabre 25<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India&#8217;s Growing Role in Multilateral Defense:<\/strong> Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit&#8217;s visit to Talisman Sabre 2025 (TS25) highlights India&#8217;s increasing involvement in international military exercises.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shift from Observer to Participant:<\/strong> For the first time, six Indian officers are acting as Staff Planners in TS25, a significant step up from their previous observer roles in 2021 and 2023. This demonstrates a deeper engagement in joint operational planning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Multifaceted Training Exercise:<\/strong> TS25 involves 19 countries and covers a wide range of military domains, including air, land, sea, space, and cyber, with complex operations like live-fire and amphibious drills.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Strengthening Interoperability and Partnerships:<\/strong> The exercise provides an opportunity for India to enhance its military-to-military ties, exchange strategic insights, and bolster its vision of collaborative security engagement, particularly in the Indo-Pacific region.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diplomatic Engagements:<\/strong> Air Marshal Dixit will meet with senior military leaders from Australia and other participating nations, reinforcing India&#8217;s commitment to defense cooperation and interoperability with friendly countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/307\/2025\/09\/img_1756838999.jpg\" alt=\"Talisman Sabre 25\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"kargil-victory-day\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kargil_Victory_Day\"><\/span>Kargil Victory Day<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Date of Celebration:<\/strong> Kargil Vijay Diwas is celebrated annually on July 26th.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> To commemorate the bravery of Indian soldiers who fought and won the 1999 Kargil War.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>2025 Initiatives:<\/strong> The Indian Army launched three initiatives to honor soldiers&#8217; bravery on Kargil Vijay Diwas 2025.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> To further recognize and share the valor of the soldiers involved in the war.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Initiatives Include:<\/strong> An e-shradhanjali portal, a QR code-based audio app for Kargil war stories, and a new Line of Control (LoC) viewpoint at the Batalik sector.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> These provide accessible platforms for remembrance, storytelling, and a physical place to reflect on the conflict.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Origin of the War:<\/strong> Pakistan troops secretly occupied strategic heights in Kargil shortly after the 1999 Lahore Declaration.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> This act of aggression led to the conflict.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Indian Response:<\/strong> The Indian Army launched Operation Vijay to reclaim these heights.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> This was a decisive military operation to regain control of Indian territory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Joint Operations:<\/strong> The IAF conducted Operation Safed Sagar against enemy positions, and the Indian Navy launched Operation Talwar to create pressure in the Arabian Sea.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> Demonstrates a multi-service effort to ensure victory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Key Battlegrounds:<\/strong> The war was fought in challenging terrain across crucial areas like Tololing, Tiger Hill, Drass, and Batalik.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> Highlights the difficult conditions under which Indian soldiers fought.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Memorials:<\/strong> The Kargil War Memorial in Dras, Ladakh, built in 2000, honors Operation Vijay&#8217;s success. The National War Memorial in Delhi also includes the Kargil Conflict among other major conflicts.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> These memorials serve as permanent tributes to the sacrifices made.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"india-s-climate-climb\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Indias_Climate_Climb\"><\/span>India&#8217;s Climate Climb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India Achieves Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity Target Ahead of Schedule:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> India met its goal of having 50% of its installed capacity from non-fossil sources five years early (in 2024, target was 2030).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Progress on Other Climate Commitments:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Carbon Sink:<\/strong> India is on track to meet its target of adding 2.5-3 billion tonnes of carbon sink through forests.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emissions Intensity:<\/strong> The reduction in GDP emissions intensity is also progressing well, with 36% reduction achieved by 2020 against a 2030 target of 45%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Concerns and Challenges:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Capacity vs. Generation Gap:<\/strong> While installed capacity is high, only 28% of electricity generated is from non-fossil sources, and clean energy&#8217;s share in total energy consumption is low (approx. 6%).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Over-Reliance on Solar:<\/strong> Solar dominates renewable energy growth, while wind, hydro, and nuclear sectors lag due to land, policy, and financial issues.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Carbon Sink Sustainability:<\/strong> Concerns exist about the ecological impact of monoculture plantations versus natural forests and maintaining gains amidst land pressures.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data Gaps:<\/strong> Lack of recent emissions data hinders real-time monitoring and policy adjustments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Climate Finance Shortfall:<\/strong> Developed nations are not meeting their climate finance and technology transfer commitments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recommendations for Future Progress:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bridge Capacity-Generation Gap:<\/strong> Scale up battery storage and modernize transmission networks.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Diversify Energy Sources:<\/strong> Expedite wind and hydro projects, boost nuclear energy, and promote green hydrogen.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ensure Sustainable Carbon Sink Growth:<\/strong> Use technology for monitoring, promote mixed native species, and penalize forest encroachments.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Secure Climate Finance:<\/strong> Advocate for developed nations to meet finance commitments and attract private\/foreign investment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/307\/2025\/09\/img_1756839003.jpg\" alt=\"India's Climate Climb\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"2025-henley-q2-passport\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2025_Henley_Q2_Passport\"><\/span>2025 Henley Q2 Passport<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>India ranks 77th:<\/strong> This is an improvement from 85th in Q1 2025.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> It signifies a tangible increase in global mobility for Indian citizens.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Visa-free access to 59 destinations:<\/strong> This is up from 57 in 2024.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> More countries are now accessible to Indian passport holders without needing prior visas, simplifying travel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Philippines and Sri Lanka added:<\/strong> These are the two new destinations offering visa-free access.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> These specific additions are concrete examples of the improved travel opportunities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Singapore leads the index:<\/strong> It has access to 193 destinations.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> Provides context by highlighting the top-performing passports in terms of global mobility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Index covers 199 passports:<\/strong> Ranks based on access to 227 destinations.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> Explains the scope and methodology of the ranking, showing its comprehensive nature.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Updated quarterly using IATA data:<\/strong> IATA represents 83% of global air traffic.\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why it&#8217;s news:<\/strong> Emphasizes the reliability and currentness of the index due to its data source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"boundaries\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Boundaries\"><\/span>Boundaries<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Supreme Court Rejects Delimitation Plea for AP &amp; Telangana:<\/strong> The apex court ruled against starting the delimitation process for these states.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>J&amp;K Delimitation Not a Precedent:<\/strong> The court stated that the delimitation in Jammu &amp; Kashmir, a Union Territory with a distinct constitutional framework, cannot be applied to Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Article 170 Inapplicable to UTs:<\/strong> The court clarified that Article 170, concerning State Assemblies, does not apply to Union Territories like J&amp;K.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014:<\/strong> This act already provides for delimitation in Andhra Pradesh, but only after the first census following 2026.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>No Arbitrary Notifications:<\/strong> Existing notifications were deemed not arbitrary and not in violation of Article 14 (Right to Equality).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Delimitation Purpose:<\/strong> To ensure fair representation based on population changes, upholding &#8220;one person, one vote.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Future Delimitation Freeze:<\/strong> Delimitation is currently frozen based on the 2001 Census until after the 2026 Census.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"india-tribal-genome\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India_Tribal_Genome\"><\/span>India Tribal Genome<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>What:<\/strong> India&#8217;s First Tribal Genome Sequencing Project launched in Gujarat.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> To map the genetic profile of tribal populations in India.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Identify genetic health risks like Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia.<\/li>\n<li>Provide precision healthcare tailored to tribal community needs.<\/li>\n<li>Bridge the gap between science and tribal traditions for a healthier future.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Implementation:<\/strong> Managed by the Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre (GBRC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scope:<\/strong> Sequencethe genomes of 2,000 individuals from tribal communities across 17 districts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Genome Sequencing:<\/strong> The process of determining the exact order of nucleotide bases in an individual&#8217;s DNA to understand their genetic makeup, health risks, and potential disorders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"thai-cambodia-border\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thai-Cambodia_Border\"><\/span>Thai-Cambodia Border<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Escalated Border Clashes:<\/strong> Recent fighting between Thai and Cambodian forces has led to at least 11 deaths, marking a significant escalation.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> The violence and casualties highlight the ongoing and intensifying territorial disputes between the two nations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Focus on Contested Temple Areas:<\/strong> Fighting is concentrated near the ancient temples of Prasat Ta Muen Thom and Preah Vihear.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> These historically and culturally significant sites are at the heart of the territorial dispute, making their control a sensitive issue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use of Heavy Weaponry:<\/strong> Both sides have deployed heavy artillery and fighter jets, indicating a serious military engagement.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> This use of advanced weaponry signifies a dangerous escalation beyond minor skirmishes, raising regional security concerns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mutual Blame and Diplomatic Fallout:<\/strong> Both Thailand and Cambodia accuse each other of initiating the conflict, leading to ambassador recalls and border closures.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> The diplomatic breakdown and reciprocal blame underscore the depth of the unresolved issues and the breakdown in communication.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Significant Displacement:<\/strong> Over 138,000 Thai civilians and thousands of Cambodians have been forced to flee their homes.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> The large-scale displacement shows the direct human impact of the conflict, affecting civilian populations on both sides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>International Concern:<\/strong> Global calls for a ceasefire and diplomatic solutions are increasing due to fears of a wider regional conflict.\n<ul>\n<li><em>Why in news:<\/em> The potential for instability to spread across the region makes this a matter of international importance and intervention.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"e3-group\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"E3_Group\"><\/span>E3 Group<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>E3 Group&#8217;s Diplomatic Engagement with Iran:<\/strong> France, Germany, and the UK (E3) met Iran in Istanbul for nuclear talks.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news:<\/strong> This highlights ongoing diplomatic efforts by the E3 to resolve the deadlock over Iran&#8217;s nuclear program, a critical global security issue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Focus on &#8220;Snapback&#8221; Sanctions:<\/strong> The talks centered on the potential reimposition of UN sanctions on Iran using the &#8220;snapback&#8221; mechanism if progress stalls by August.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news:<\/strong> This signifies a potential escalation in international pressure on Iran, indicating a deadline for Iran to meet nuclear obligations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>E3 Warning on Non-Compliance:<\/strong> The E3 had previously warned of sanctions if Iran fails to meet its nuclear commitments.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news:<\/strong> This reinforces the E3&#8217;s firm stance and commitment to enforcing international agreements regarding Iran&#8217;s nuclear activities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Mutual Skepticism and Concerns:<\/strong> Iran is wary of Western intentions, while European leaders are concerned about Iran&#8217;s lack of transparency regarding its nuclear program.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news:<\/strong> This points to the persistent challenges and underlying mistrust that complicate negotiations, a key factor in assessing the likelihood of progress.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Agreement to Continue Discussions:<\/strong> Despite tensions, both sides agreed to further meetings.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in news:<\/strong> This indicates a continued commitment to dialogue, suggesting that diplomatic channels remain open, albeit with significant hurdles related to trust and commitment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"folk-art-forms\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Folk_Art_Forms\"><\/span>Folk Art Forms<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Sohrai, Pattachitra, and Patua paintings were showcased at the 2nd edition of Kala Utsav 2025 \u2013 &#8216;Artists in Residence Programme&#8217; at Rashtrapati Bhavan. This event highlights India&#8217;s living art traditions and provides a platform for folk and tribal artists.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Sohrai Painting:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Origin:<\/strong> Jharkhand, practiced by women of various tribal communities (Kurmi, Santhal, Munda, etc.).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nature:<\/strong> Harvest art linked to agriculture and cattle domestication.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong> Ritualistic use of rice gruel (aripan\/mandalas) to welcome cattle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Recognition:<\/strong> Received Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Pattachitra:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Origin:<\/strong> Odisha, associated with the Jagannath Temple.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medium:<\/strong> Painted on cloth (Pata) coated with chalk powder and tamarind glue.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Materials:<\/strong> Uses natural colors from vegetable, earth, and mineral sources.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Themes:<\/strong> Religious, mythological, and folk stories (e.g., Krishna Leela, Lord Jagannath).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Technique:<\/strong> Painted on cloth scrolls, uses natural colors, and finished with lacquer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Patua Painting:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Origin:<\/strong> West Bengal, practiced by the Patua or Chitrakar community (Hindu and Muslim).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Presence:<\/strong> Also found in Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, and Bangladesh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Medium:<\/strong> Painted on cloth scrolls (pati\/patta) backed with fabric.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Materials:<\/strong> Uses bamboo-goat hair brushes and vegetable dyes fixed with gum.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purpose:<\/strong> Used to narrate stories, particularly &#8216;Mangal Katha&#8217; by Hindu Patuas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"swaminathan-s-mangrove-legacy\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Swaminathans_Mangrove_Legacy\"><\/span>Swaminathan&#8217;s Mangrove Legacy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Shifting Perception of Mangroves:<\/strong> Mangroves, once valued primarily by local communities for fisheries, are now recognized globally for disaster risk reduction, climate adaptation (carbon sequestration), and biodiversity conservation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M.S. Swaminathan&#8217;s Vision:<\/strong> In 1989, Dr. Swaminathan highlighted mangroves&#8217; crucial role in managing climate change impacts like rising sea levels and increased cyclone frequency, advocating for their sustainable management based on ecology, economics, and equity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>International Initiatives:<\/strong> He was instrumental in establishing the International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME) in 1990, co-created the Charter for Mangroves, and contributed to the GLObal Mangrove database and Information System (GLOMIS) and a global network of Mangrove Genetic Resource Centres.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conservation Methods in India:<\/strong> Post-independence, mangroves were cleared for development. Swaminathan&#8217;s foundation, MSSRF, identified biophysical changes from &#8220;clear-felling&#8221; as the cause of degradation. They developed the &#8220;Fishbone Canal Method&#8221; for restoration, leading to the Joint Mangrove Management program and increased government investment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Proven Resilience:<\/strong> Mangroves demonstrated their importance during the 1999 Odisha super cyclone and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami by reducing loss of life and property damage, validating large-scale restoration efforts.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Increased Mangrove Cover:<\/strong> India&#8217;s mangrove cover has increased, with West Bengal, Gujarat, and Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands having the largest areas, showing a positive trend in conservation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"nat-coop-pol-2025\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nat_Coop_Pol_2025\"><\/span>Nat Coop Pol 2025<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Launched to coincide with the UN&#8217;s International Year of Cooperatives (2025), aiming to make cooperatives a people-driven economic force.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vision:<\/strong> &#8220;Sahakar se Samriddhi&#8221; \u2013 strengthening cooperatives and expanding their grassroots reach.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Replaces:<\/strong> National Policy on Cooperatives 2002, charting a course for the next two decades (2025\u20132045).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Feature: Convergence:<\/strong> Leverages existing schemes (DIDF, PMMSY, NPDD) to establish 2 lakh new multipurpose Primary Agricultural Credit Societies (M-PACS) in five years.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Feature: Inclusive Growth:<\/strong> Empowers rural populations, focusing on Dalits, Adivasis, women, and youth, strengthening their economic role.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Feature: Diversification:<\/strong> Encourages expansion into over 25 sectors including dairy, fisheries, and foodgrain procurement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Feature: Education:<\/strong> Promotes cooperative education via Tribhuvan Sahkari University.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Feature: Technology &amp; Global Engagement:<\/strong> Modernizes cooperatives for competitiveness and establishes National Cooperative Exports Limited (NCEL) for global market access.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Constitutional &amp; Legal Backing:<\/strong> Strengthened by the 97th Amendment (2011), Article 19(1)(c), Article 43B, and Part IXB. The Ministry of Cooperation was established in 2021.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Scale:<\/strong> India has nearly 8.42 lakh cooperatives with 29 crore members.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Opportunities:<\/strong> Economic empowerment for rural communities, increased global presence through exports, and significant job creation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"export-mission\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Export_Mission\"><\/span>Export Mission<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Export Promotion Mission (EPM) Launched:<\/strong> Announced in Union Budget 2025-26, jointly driven by Ministries of Commerce &amp; Industry, MSME, and Finance.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Aims to boost India&#8217;s export-led growth by specifically empowering Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Key Objectives:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Enhance global competitiveness of Indian exports.<\/li>\n<li>Improve MSME access to credit, infrastructure, and global markets.<\/li>\n<li>Reduce non-tariff barriers and promote ESG-aligned exports.<\/li>\n<li>Accelerate digitalization and logistics efficiency.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Addresses critical challenges faced by MSMEs in international trade.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Major Components:<\/strong> Credit support (collateral-free loans, interest equalization), infrastructure development (ports, customs digitization), digital trade (paperless systems), market expansion (FTAs, overseas offices), and capacity building.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Comprehensive approach to address multiple facets of export promotion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Special Initiatives:<\/strong> NIRYAT PROTSAHAN for trade finance and support to e-exporters\/first-time exporters, NIRYAT DISHA for branding\/warehousing\/compliance.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Targeted support for specific segments of exporters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>E-Commerce Export Hubs (ECEHs):<\/strong> Piloted by DGFT to assist MSMEs and artisans in expanding e-commerce exports.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Focuses on leveraging digital platforms for wider market reach.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>Ministry of MSME&#8217;s Role:<\/strong> Primarily focused on ensuring effective implementation of EPM&#8217;s objectives for MSME benefit.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why in News:<\/strong> Highlights collaborative effort and clear departmental responsibility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n<div class=\"currentaffairs-new-div-78989\" id=\"kargil-revamp-j-k-security\">\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kargil_Revamp_J_K_Security\"><\/span>Kargil Revamp: J&#038;K Security<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kargil War (1999) as a Catalyst:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> Revealed critical intelligence gaps (no foresight on large-scale infiltration), and severe logistical\/equipment shortcomings for high-altitude warfare. It was a wake-up call for military modernization and self-reliance in defense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Post-Kargil Reforms:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> To address the identified shortcomings, India established new intelligence agencies (DIA, NTRO), improved inter-agency coordination (RAW, IB, Military Intelligence), and created the permanent National Security Adviser (NSA) role.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Military Modernization and Doctrines:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> Kargil necessitated upgrading weaponry (Rafale, Apache, BrahMos) and adopting new strategies like the &#8220;Cold Start Doctrine&#8221; for rapid mobilization. It also led to the formation of a Mountain Corps and the push for integrated theatre commands under the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pahalgam Attack (2025) &amp; Operation Sindoor:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> This terror attack on civilians marked a significant shift. India&#8217;s swift and devastating retaliatory strikes (&#8220;Operation Sindoor&#8221;) against terror bases and military airbases across Pakistan signaled an end to strategic restraint and a move towards decisive deterrence against cross-border terrorism.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Evolution of Counter-Terror Strategy:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> Prior to Uri (2016) and Balakot (2019), India&#8217;s response to terror was often reactive. The Pahalgam attack and subsequent strikes demonstrated a proactive and punitive approach, raising the cost of terror for Pakistan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shift from Reactive Defense to Decisive Deterrence:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Why:<\/strong> The journey from Kargil to Pahalgam illustrates India&#8217;s strategic evolution. It highlights a transition from dealing with conventional aggression and terrorism reactively to building capabilities and the political will for preemptive and decisive action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Talisman Sabre 25 India&#8217;s Growing Role in Multilateral Defense: Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit&#8217;s visit to Talisman Sabre 2025 (TS25) highlights India&#8217;s increasing involvement in international military exercises. Shift from Observer to Participant: For the first time, six Indian officers are acting as Staff Planners in TS25, a significant step up from their previous observer roles &#8230; <a title=\"Daily Current Affairs and News Analysis 26-07-2025\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about Daily Current Affairs and News Analysis 26-07-2025\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16594,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1434],"tags":[1457],"class_list":["post-16596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jul-2025","tag-26-07-25"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.2 (Yoast SEO v23.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Daily Current Affairs and News Analysis 26-07-2025 - Current Affairs Exam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/exam.pscnotes.com\/current-affairs\/daily-current-affairs-and-news-analysis-26-07-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Daily Current Affairs and News Analysis 26-07-2025\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Talisman Sabre 25 India&#8217;s Growing Role in Multilateral Defense: Air Marshal Ashutosh Dixit&#8217;s visit to Talisman Sabre 2025 (TS25) highlights India&#8217;s increasing involvement in international military exercises. 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