The Zimbabwean economy operates on adual currency structure, with the Zimbabwean dollar and the U.S. dollar in use. The U.S. dollar currently dominates and accounts for about 70% of domestic transactions, according to the RBZ. In an effort to halt the collapse of the Zimbabwean dollar and reduce the demand for the U.S. dollar, the RBZ introduced gold coins in July 2022.

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The RBZ had re-introduced the Zimbabwean dollar in 2019, replacing the previous multiple currency system that had been in place since 2009, when the country abandoned its old local dollar due to years of hyperinflation.