75th Anniversary: India and China marked 75 years of diplomatic relations on April 1, 2025, established on April 1, 1950.
Xi’s Message: Chinese President Xi Jinping emphasized closer cooperation between Beijing and New Delhi and described the relationship as a “Dragon-Elephant Tango,” promoting coexistence and shared growth over rivalry.
Historical Evolution: Ties evolved from ancient trade routes (Silk Road, Buddhism) and the “Hindi-Chini Bhai-Bhai” era to a post-1962 diplomatic freeze.
Normalization: Ties were normalized during 1980s-2000s. Agreements in 1993 and 1996 aimed at peace and military confidence-building measures.
Economic Ties: Robust economic relations exist, with bilateral trade reaching USD 118.4 billion in 2023-24. Chinese investments in Indian unicorns exceed USD 3.5 billion.
Cultural Exchange: Cultural ties are fostered via academic exchanges and events (e.g., Tagore centenary seminar).
Multilateral Cooperation: Collaboration occurs in BRICS, SCO, G-20, and initiatives like the International Solar Alliance (ISA).
Border Disputes: The undefined 3,488 km LAC is a major issue, causing frequent clashes (Doklam, Galwan).
Strategic Concerns: India has strategic concerns about China’s BRI and CPEC through PoK.
