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Global Carbon Tax on Shipping: India, along with 62 other nations, voted in favor of a global carbon tax on the shipping industry, established by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO).
- Why: Aims to cut greenhouse gas emissions from ships and encourage cleaner tech.
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Tax Implementation: Starting in 2028, ships must use lower-emission fuels or pay a pollution fee.
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Why: Creates financial incentives for shipping industry decarbonization.
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Revenue Generation: The tax is projected to generate up to $40 billion by 2030.
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Why: Provides funds for the shipping sector’s transition to cleaner practices.
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Limited Scope: The carbon pricing is expected to reduce shipping emissions by only 10% by 2030.
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Why: Falls short of the IMO’s target of at least 20%.
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Opposition: Oil-rich countries like Saudi Arabia opposed the deal. The U.S. delegation was absent.
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Why: Reflects differing national interests and climate policy priorities.
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Climate Finance Concerns: Developing countries wanted revenue for broader climate needs, but funds will be ring-fenced for maritime decarbonisation only.
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Why: Highlights tensions over climate finance and support for vulnerable nations.
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Pricing Structure: Ships will be charged based on emissions intensity; conventional fuel users face higher fees.
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Why: Penalizes fossil fuel use, including liquefied natural gas.
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Future Refinements: Key details about revenue use and distribution are yet to be finalized.
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Why: Agreement is a framework, with crucial aspects pending.
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India’s Existing Carbon Tax Landscape: India lacks a nationwide carbon tax, despite earlier proposals and some state-level levies.
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Why: Shows that even with supporting the shipping tax India hasnt implemented it at country wide level.
