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Horticulture-2/”>Horticulture:
Horticulture is a branch of agriculture. It deals with the art, science, technology, and business of growing Plants. It includes the cultivation of medicinal plants, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, flowers, Seaweeds and non-Food Crops which includes grass and ornamental trees and plants.
From the below 5 categories we can derive the importance of horticulture in Chhattisgarh.
Fruit Crops – The major fruit crops grown in Chhattisgarh state are Mango, Guava, Lime, Litchi, Cashew-nut, Cheku etc., apart from these major fruit crops minor fruits like Sitafal, Bael, Ber, Anola etc., are also grown both as cultivated and wild crop. The total area of the fruit crops in the state is 2,39,676 Ha. along with the production of 23,28,811 MT in the year 2015-2016. Agro climatically Mango can be grown in the whole part of the state successfully while the northern hilly area of Sarguja and Jashpur district is suitable for production of Litchi. Cashew nut can be grown well in the plateau region of the Bastar&Raigarh district
- Spices – Chili, Ginger, Garlic, Turmeric, Coriander &Methi are the major spices grown in the state. The total area of spices recorded in year 2015-2016 was 93,662 Ha. with the production of 6,59,192 MT.
- Aromatic & Medicinal Plants – The medicinal crops grown in the state are Ashwagandha, Serpagandha, Satawar, Butch, Aonla, Tikhur etc. Some aromatic crops like Lemongrass, Pamarosa, Jamarosa, Patchauli, E.citridora are promoted by the department for commercial cultivation among farmers. The present area of aromatic and medicinal crops in the state is 8529 Ha. with the production of 59,972 MT in the year 2015-2016.
- Flowers – Area under flower cultivation is negligible in the state. With the formation of new state, the demand of flowers is increasing day-by-day, to meet out the growing demand of flowers it is essential to promote commercial floriculture among the farmers. The major flowers like Marry-gold, Tuberose, Gladiolus, Roses, Gaillardia, Chrysanthemum, Orchids etc., can be grown very well without much care. The present area under floriculture in the state is 11 thousand Ha. with the production of 53 thousand MT. approximately in the year 2015-2016.
- Vegetables – Mostly all Vegetable Crops like Cucurbits, Beans, Cabbage, Cauliflower etc., are grown very well in the state. The total area of vegetable crops in the state was recorded 4,38,849 Ha. in the year 2015-2016 with the production of 60,61,801 MT.
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Chhattisgarh is a state in central India. It is the 10th largest state in India by area and the 17th most populous state. The capital of Chhattisgarh is Raipur.
Horticulture is the science and practice of cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. It is a major economic activity in Chhattisgarh, and the state is home to a wide variety of horticultural crops.
The main fruits grown in Chhattisgarh are mango, banana, citrus, grapes, apple, papaya, pineapple, pomegranate, and strawberry. The main vegetables grown in Chhattisgarh are brinjal, cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, chilli, cucumber, drumstick, eggplant, garlic, green beans, green chillies, ladies finger, onion, potato, pumpkin, spinach, and tomato.
The main flowers grown in Chhattisgarh are marigold, rose, jasmine, lily, orchid, chrysanthemum, sunflower, and lotus.
The main mushrooms grown in Chhattisgarh are button mushroom, oyster mushroom, and shiitake mushroom.
The main medicinal plants grown in Chhattisgarh are ashwaganda, asoka, brahmi, tulsi, and neem.
The main spices grown in Chhattisgarh are turmeric, coriander, cumin, ginger, and chillies.
The main nuts and seeds grown in Chhattisgarh are groundnut, sesame, and sunflower seeds.
Horticulture is a major contributor to the economy of Chhattisgarh. The state is home to a number of large-scale horticultural farms, as well as a large number of small-scale farmers who grow horticultural crops. The horticulture sector employs a large number of people in the state, and it is a major Source Of Income for many families.
Horticulture is also important for the Environment. Horticultural crops help to improve Soil quality, reduce soil erosion, and provide habitat for wildlife. They also help to regulate the Climate and provide Oxygen to the Atmosphere.
Horticulture is a vital part of the economy and environment of Chhattisgarh. The state is home to a wide variety of horticultural crops, and the horticulture sector employs a large number of people. Horticulture is also important for the environment, as horticultural crops help to improve soil quality, reduce soil erosion, and provide habitat for wildlife.
What is horticulture?
Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating plants, including the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers, ornamental plants, and trees.
What are the different types of horticulture?
There are many different types of horticulture, including:
- Fruit and vegetable production: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of fruits and vegetables for human consumption.
- Ornamental horticulture: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of plants for their beauty or aesthetic value.
- Landscape horticulture: This type of horticulture involves the design and maintenance of landscapes, including gardens, parks, and other outdoor areas.
- Floriculture: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation of flowers for commercial purposes.
- Arboriculture: This type of horticulture involves the cultivation and care of trees.
- Pomology: This type of horticulture is the science of fruit growing.
- Viticulture: This type of horticulture is the science of grape growing.
What are the benefits of horticulture?
There are many benefits to horticulture, including:
- It can provide a source of food and income.
- It can help to improve the environment by reducing pollution and providing habitats for wildlife.
- It can promote physical activity and mental well-being.
- It can be a fun and rewarding hobby.
What are the challenges of horticulture?
There are some challenges associated with horticulture, including:
- It can be a labor-intensive activity.
- It can be susceptible to pests and diseases.
- It can be affected by weather conditions.
- It can be expensive to start and maintain a horticultural business.
What are the future trends in horticulture?
The future of horticulture is likely to be shaped by a number of factors, including:
- The increasing demand for food and other agricultural products.
- The need to reduce environmental impact.
- The development of new technologies.
- The changing demographics of the Population.
What are some Resources for Learning more about horticulture?
There are many resources available for learning more about horticulture, including:
- Books and articles
- Online resources
- Horticultural schools and programs
- Horticultural associations and societies
- Local nurseries and garden centers
Sure. Here are some MCQs without mentioning the topic Chhattisgarh: Horticulture:
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Which of the following is not a type of horticulture?
(A) Fruit growing
(B) Vegetable growing
(C) Flower growing
(D) Animal Husbandry -
Which of the following is the most important fruit crop in India?
(A) Mango
(B) Banana
(C) Apple
(D) Grapes -
Which of the following is the most important vegetable crop in India?
(A) Potato
(B) Tomato
(C) Onion
(D) Cauliflower -
Which of the following is the most important flower crop in India?
(A) Rose
(B) Jasmine
(C) Lily
(D) Orchid -
Which of the following is the most important state for horticulture in India?
(A) Uttar Pradesh
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Andhra Pradesh
(D) Karnataka -
Which of the following is the most important type of Irrigation for horticulture?
(A) Drip Irrigation
(B) Sprinkler Irrigation
(C) Flood irrigation
(D) Canal Irrigation -
Which of the following is the most important type of fertilizer for horticulture?
(A) Nitrogenous fertilizer
(B) Phosphorous fertilizer
(C) Potash fertilizer
(D) Organic fertilizer -
Which of the following is the most important type of pest for horticulture?
(A) Aphids
(B) Caterpillars
(C) Beetles
(D) Spider mites -
Which of the following is the most important type of disease for horticulture?
(A) Bacterial wilt
(B) Viral diseases
(C) Fungal diseases
(D) Nematode diseases -
Which of the following is the most important type of harvesting method for horticulture?
(A) Hand harvesting
(B) Mechanical harvesting
(C) Chemical harvesting
(D) Biological harvesting -
Which of the following is the most important type of post-harvest handling method for horticulture?
(A) Grading
(B) Sorting
(C) Packaging
(D) Storage -
Which of the following is the most important type of Marketing method for horticulture?
(A) Direct marketing
(B) Wholesale marketing
(C) Retail marketing
(D) Export marketing -
Which of the following is the most important type of processing method for horticulture?
(A) Canning
(B) Freezing
(C) Dehydration
(D) Juicing -
Which of the following is the most important type of value-added product for horticulture?
(A) Jam
(B) Jelly
(C) Marmalade
(D) Chutney -
Which of the following is the most important type of export market for horticulture?
(A) The United States
(B) The European Union
(C) Japan
(D) China