Notes and Study material for Exams
The Representation of the People Act, 1951: A Cornerstone of Indian Democracy The Representation of the People Act, 1951 (RPA, 1951) stands as a cornerstone of India’s democratic framework, laying down the legal foundation for the conduct of elections to the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). This … Read more
The Cornerstones of Freedom: A Deep Dive into Fundamental Rights Fundamental rights, often referred to as human rights, are the basic rights and freedoms that every individual is entitled to, regardless of their race, religion, gender, nationality, or any other status. These rights are enshrined in national constitutions and international treaties, serving as the bedrock … Read more
The Indian constitution provides for a federal framework with powers (legislative ,executive and financial) divided between the center and the states. However, there is no division of judicial power as the constitution has established an Integrated Judicial System to enforce both the central laws as well as state law. The Indian federation is not the … Read more
The National Commission for Backward Classes: A Historical and Contemporary Analysis The National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) is a constitutional body established in India to safeguard the rights and interests of socially and educationally backward classes (SEBCs). This article delves into the historical context of the commission, its mandate, functions, and challenges, highlighting its … Read more
Guardians of the Constitution: Understanding India’s Constitutional Bodies India’s Constitution, a landmark document that laid the foundation for a vibrant democracy, is not merely a static text. It is a living entity, constantly evolving and adapting to the changing needs of the nation. To ensure its effective implementation and safeguard its principles, the Constitution establishes … Read more
Union Public Service Commissions Public Service Commissions for the Union as per ARTICLE-315 Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of … Read more
The Power Dynamic: A Comparison Between Governor and President The United States, a nation built on the principles of federalism, divides its governing power between the national and state levels. This division manifests in the roles of the President, the head of the federal government, and the Governor, the head of each individual state government. … Read more
The 11 Fundamental Duties: A Cornerstone of Indian Citizenship The Indian Constitution, a document that enshrines the rights and freedoms of its citizens, also recognizes certain fundamental duties that every citizen is expected to uphold. These duties, enshrined in Part IV-A of the Constitution, are not legally enforceable like fundamental rights, but they are considered … Read more
The Vital Force of Civil Society Organisations: Shaping a Better World Civil society organisations (CSOs) are the backbone of a vibrant and democratic society. They are non-governmental, non-profit entities that operate independently from the state and are driven by the collective will of citizens to address social, economic, and environmental issues. From grassroots community groups … Read more
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous, quasi-judiciary constitutional body of India.It was established on 25 January 1950 under ARTICLE 324 of the Constitution of India. Originally the commission had only a Chief Election Commissioner. The commission presently consists of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners, appointed by the president. The President … Read more