Notes and Study material for Exams
The Doctrine of Proportionality: Balancing Harm and Necessity in International Law The doctrine of proportionality, a cornerstone of international law, governs the use of force and other measures in armed conflict and international relations. It dictates that the harm inflicted by any action must be proportionate to the legitimate military or political objective pursued. This … Read more
The Doctrine of Severability: A Vital Tool for Preserving Legality and Intent The doctrine of severability, a cornerstone of legal interpretation, plays a crucial role in ensuring the validity of laws and contracts. It allows courts to strike down specific provisions within a statute or agreement while preserving the remaining parts, safeguarding the overall intent … Read more
The Indra Sawhney Case: A Landmark Judgment Shaping India’s Affirmative Action Landscape The Indra Sawhney case, formally known as Indra Sawhney & Ors. v. Union of India, stands as a landmark judgment in Indian constitutional law, profoundly impacting the nation’s affirmative action policies. This 1992 Supreme Court ruling addressed the complex issue of reservations for … Read more
The L. Chandra Kumar Case: A Tale of Political Intrigue, Judicial Scrutiny, and the Power of the Press The L. Chandra Kumar case, a complex saga of political intrigue, judicial scrutiny, and the power of the press, unfolded in India in the early 2000s. It involved allegations of corruption, misuse of power, and a high-profile … Read more
The 102nd Amendment Act: A Landmark Step Towards Inclusive Democracy The 102nd Amendment Act of 2003, also known as the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC) Amendment Act, stands as a significant milestone in the evolution of India’s democratic framework. This amendment, along with the 92nd Amendment Act of 2003, introduced … Read more
The Vishakha Case: A Landmark Judgment Shaping Sexual Harassment Laws in India The Vishakha case, formally known as Vishakha and Others v. State of Rajasthan, stands as a pivotal landmark in the history of sexual harassment jurisprudence in India. This 1997 Supreme Court judgment, delivered by a three-judge bench, not only established the legal framework … Read more
The Malimath Committee: A Landmark Report on Criminal Justice Reforms in India The Indian criminal justice system, a legacy of British colonial rule, has long been criticized for its complexities, delays, and inadequacies. Recognizing the need for comprehensive reforms, the Indian government appointed the Malimath Committee in 2000 to examine the existing criminal justice system … Read more
The Enduring Power of Habeas Corpus: A Case Study in Protecting Individual Liberty The writ of habeas corpus, a legal instrument with roots in ancient Roman law, stands as a cornerstone of individual liberty and due process. Its purpose is simple yet profound: to ensure that individuals are not detained unlawfully. This principle, enshrined in … Read more
The Sunset Clause: A Tool for Temporal Legislation in India The concept of a sunset clause, also known as a “termination clause” or “expiry provision,” has gained increasing prominence in the Indian legal landscape. This provision, typically embedded within legislation, sets a specific date or event after which the law automatically ceases to be in … Read more
The Long Road to Equality: A Deep Dive into the Section 377 Judgement and its Impact The landmark judgement decriminalizing consensual same-sex relationships in India, delivered by the Supreme Court on September 6, 2018, marked a watershed moment in the country’s fight for LGBTQ+ rights. This article delves into the history of Section 377, the … Read more