Notes and Study material for Exams
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> is defined as the movement of Oxygen from the outside Environment to the cells within Tissues, and the transport of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction. The physiological definition of respiration is differs from the biochemical definition, which refers to cellular respiration, a metabolic process by … Read more
Whether an animal will become a male, a female, or a hermaphrodite is determined very early in development. Scientists have worked for hundreds of years to understand the sex-determination system. The first major breakthrough in understanding sex determination was the discovery of sex Chromosomes in the early 1900s. From meticulous analyses of male and … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> is an inherited feature on the surface of the red blood cells. A series of related blood types constitutes a blood group system, such as the Rh or ABO system. The frequencies of the ABO and Rh blood types vary from Population to population. In the … Read more
Circulatory System The circulatory system can be compared to a system of interconnected, one-way roads that range from superhighways to back alleys. Like a Network of roads, the job of the circulatory system is to allow the transport of materials from one place to another. As described in Figure below, the materials carried … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Food safety and Microbial standards, Food quality standards Food safety-Indicators of food microbial Quality and safety-Coliforms, Enterococci, Bifidobacteria, Coliphages/Enteroviruses, predictive Microbiology/ Microbial modeling Microbial Standards of Processed and preserved Foods The Center for disease control (CDC) investigates each documented outbreak of food borne disease and attempts … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> Fermentation Which of the following is the most efficient type of respiration? (A) Aerobic respiration (B) Anaerobic respiration (C) Photosynthesis (D) Fermentation Which of the following is the equation for aerobic respiration? (A) C6H12O6 + 6O2 â 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (B) C6H12O6 + 2ADP … Read more
DNA: STRUCTURE DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the … Read more
MOLECULAR BASIS OF DIFFERENTIATION Whenever Growth occurs, increase in mass, weight etc. takes place. Number of cells increases due to cell division. Sometimes, cells grow in size and they do not divide and lead to growth. The simple multiplication of cells would produce masses of cells but not an organism. Knowledge of developmental processes as … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> : harmone and their function The Endocrine System is made up of glands that produce and secrete HORMONES, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's Growth, Metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the … Read more
–2/”>a >DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”> is the process of maintaining salt and water balance (osmotic balance) across membranes within the body. The fluids inside and surrounding cells are composed of water, electrolytes, and nonelectrolytes. An electrolyte is a compound that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water. A nonelectrolyte, in contrast, … Read more