Notes and Study material for Exams
The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from Their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement that was adopted on 29 October 2010 at the 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 10) … Read more
In-Situ Conservation: Protecting Biodiversity Where It Thrives The Earth’s biodiversity is a treasure trove of life, encompassing millions of species that contribute to the planet’s ecological balance and provide countless benefits to humanity. However, this rich tapestry of life is facing unprecedented threats from human activities, leading to alarming rates of species extinction and habitat … Read more
Harnessing the Sun’s Power: A Deep Dive into Concentrated Solar Power The world is facing a pressing need to transition away from fossil fuels and embrace renewable energy sources. Among the many promising options, Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) stands out as a technology with the potential to play a significant role in meeting our energy … Read more
Fluorine is a highly reactive element that is essential for human health in small doses. However, exposure to high levels of fluorine can be toxic. The following are some of the subtopics on fluorine toxicity effects: Acute Fluoride Toxicity Chronic Fluoride Toxicity Fluoride and Bone Health Fluoride and Teeth Health Fluoride and Neurological Health Fluoride … Read more
The National Water Mission: A Blueprint for Water Security in India India, a land of diverse landscapes and rich cultural heritage, faces a critical challenge: ensuring water security for its burgeoning population. The National Water Mission (NWM), launched in 2011, aims to address this challenge head-on, providing a comprehensive framework for sustainable water management. This … Read more
The National Bamboo Mission: A Green Revolution in the Making Introduction Bamboo, a versatile and fast-growing grass, has long been a vital resource for millions across the globe. From construction materials to food and medicine, its applications are diverse and its potential immense. Recognizing this potential, the Indian government launched the National Bamboo Mission (NBM) … Read more
Science and economics of Climate change Science of Climate Change The Atmosphere functions as a ‘greenhouse’ and insulates the earth from extremes of temperature. The Greenhouse Effect works in the following manner. Of the incoming short-wave radiation from the sun, one-third is reflected, and the atmosphere, ocean, ice, land, and biota absorb the … Read more
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants: A Global Effort to Protect Human Health and the Environment The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) stands as a landmark international agreement, aiming to eliminate or drastically reduce the production, use, and release of a group of chemicals known for their persistence, bioaccumulation, and long-range transport, … Read more
ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION defined as ‘an addition or excessive addition of certain materials to the physical environment (water, air and lands), making it less fit or unfit for life’. Pollutants are the materials or factors, which cause adverse effect on the natural quality of any component of the environment. Classifications 1. According to the form in … Read more
The Least Developed Countries Fund: A Lifeline for the World’s Most Vulnerable The Least Developed Countries (LDCs) face a unique set of challenges. They are often characterized by poverty, limited human capital, weak infrastructure, and vulnerability to climate change. These factors hinder their economic development and trap them in a cycle of poverty. To address … Read more