A) What is ultrasound waves and outline its benefits? b) Use of Inert gases

A) What is ultrasound waves and outline its benefits?

Waves which have frequency more than 20,000 Hz and which are not audible to human ears but audible to dogs, cats , bats, whales. Ultrasounds are used in various different fields. They are used to detect objects and measure distance. Ultrasound imagining is used in the field of medicine. In the non-destructive testing of products and structures, ultrasound is used to detect invisible flaws. Animals use it for prey detection. They are also used in the form of cleaners.  They are called supersonic cleaners.

Ultrasound waves are used in Industry to find out cracks. In SONAR, Sound navigation and ranging technique sound waves are uses to navigate, detect and communicate under the surface of the water.

(B) Use of inert gases:

Inert gases are called inert due to their non reactive nature. This characteristic is shown by the inert gas due to the completely filled outermost shell. Helium, Argon, Xenon, neon, krypton and radon are the example of inert gases.

 

Helium	Used in Nuclear Reactors as cooling gas, helium balloons are used to check the weather of a particular region. Helium is uses by divers to dilute Oxygen over nitrogen as latter get mixed with blood and create a condition called bends
Argon	It is used in metallurgical processes to provide inert Atmosphere. This inert atmosphere plays an important role in wielding titanium, aluminium, stainless steel and magnesium. A limited amount is used in germanium and silicon crystals which are used in electric Light bulbs
Neon	Used in discharge tubes, used in the production of different lights.
Xenon and Krypton	find its application in photographic flash units due to the generation of a very bright light. It is also used in lighthouses., used in the production of different color.

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A)

What is ultrasound?

Ultrasound is a type of sound wave with a frequency too high for humans to hear. It is produced by a device called a transducer, which converts electrical energy into sound waves. The sound waves travel through the body and are reflected back by different Tissues. The transducer then converts the reflected sound waves back into electrical signals, which are displayed on a screen as an image.

Benefits of ultrasound

Ultrasound has many benefits, including:

• It is a non-invasive procedure, meaning it does not require any incisions.
• It is painless.
• It is safe for use during pregnancy.
• It can be used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including:
  • Heart disease
  • Cancer
  • Kidney stones
  • Pregnancy
  • Birth defects
• It can be used to guide procedures, such as biopsies and needle placements.
• It can be used to treat a variety of conditions, including:
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome
  • Tendinitis
  • Muscle strains
  • Pain

B)

Uses of inert gases

Inert gases are gases that do not react with other Elements. They are often used in industry and research because they are safe and non-flammable. Some of the common uses of inert gases include:

• Packaging food and beverages: Inert gases are often used to pack food and beverages to prevent them from spoiling. The gases prevent the Growth of bacteria and other Microorganisms that can cause food to spoil.
• Manufacturing semiconductors: Inert gases are used in the manufacturing of semiconductors to create a clean Environment where the semiconductors can be made. The gases prevent the semiconductors from being contaminated by other elements.
• Medical imaging: Inert gases are used in medical imaging to create images of the inside of the body. The gases are used to create a contrast between different tissues in the body, which makes it easier to see the images.
• Research: Inert gases are used in research to study the properties of different materials and to create new materials. The gases are also used to create new drugs and to study the effects of different drugs on the body.

Properties of inert gases

Inert gases are gases that do not react with other elements. They are often called noble gases because they are the most stable elements in the periodic table. The inert gases are helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon.

The inert gases are all colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases. They are also all non-flammable. The inert gases are monatomic, meaning they are made up of single atoms. The inert gases have very low boiling points and melting points. They are also very dense gases.

Safety precautions when using inert gases

Inert gases are generally safe to use, but there are some safety precautions that should be taken when using them. These precautions include:

• Always use the correct type of inert gas for the job. Some inert gases are more reactive than others, so it is important to use the correct type of gas for the job.
• Always wear the proper safety gear when using inert gases. This includes safety glasses, gloves, and a respirator.
• Always work in a well-ventilated area when using inert gases. Inert gases can displace oxygen in the air, so it is important to work in a well-ventilated area to prevent suffocation.
• Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when using inert gases. The manufacturer’s instructions will provide specific safety information for the type of inert gas you are using.

A) Ultrasound waves are sound waves with frequencies above the range of human hearing. They are used in a variety of medical and industrial applications.

Benefits of ultrasound waves:

• Ultrasound can be used to create images of the inside of the body, without the need for surgery. This is known as ultrasound imaging or sonography.
• Ultrasound can be used to break up kidney stones and other solid deposits in the body. This is known as lithotripsy.
• Ultrasound can be used to guide needles during surgery. This is known as needle guidance.
• Ultrasound can be used to treat cancer. This is known as high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).
• Ultrasound can be used to monitor the growth of a fetus during pregnancy.

B) Inert gases are gases that do not react with other substances. They are used in a variety of applications, including:

• Refrigeration and air conditioning: Inert gases are used as refrigerants because they are non-toxic and non-flammable.
• Packaging: Inert gases are used to pack food and other products to prevent them from spoiling.
• Welding: Inert gases are used to protect the weld from oxidation.
• Semiconductor manufacturing: Inert gases are used to create semiconductor devices.
• Fire suppression: Inert gases are used to suppress fires because they do not support combustion.

Additional information:

• Ultrasound waves are created by vibrating a piezoelectric crystal. This crystal converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, which in turn creates sound waves.
• Ultrasound waves are used in a variety of medical and industrial applications because they are safe, non-invasive, and can provide detailed images of the inside of the body.
• Inert gases are used in a variety of applications because they are non-reactive, non-toxic, and non-flammable.

A)

1. Ultrasound waves are a type of sound wave that has a frequency above the range of human hearing.
2. Ultrasound waves can be used to create images of the inside of the body, such as during an ultrasound scan.
3. Ultrasound waves can also be used to break up kidney stones and other solid objects in the body.
4. Ultrasound waves can also be used to treat cancer.

B)

1. Inert gases are gases that do not react with other substances.
2. Inert gases are often used as a protective atmosphere in welding and other industrial processes.
3. Inert gases are also used in medical procedures, such as MRI scans.
4. Inert gases are also used in food packaging to prevent spoilage.

MCQs

1. Which of the following is not a benefit of ultrasound waves?
   (a) They can be used to create images of the inside of the body.
   (b) They can be used to break up kidney stones.
   (c) They can be used to treat cancer.
   (d) They can be used to make people laugh.

2. Which of the following is not a use of inert gases?
   (a) They are used as a protective atmosphere in welding and other industrial processes.
   (b) They are used in medical procedures, such as MRI scans.
   (c) They are used in food packaging to prevent spoilage.
   (d) They are used to make people float.

3. Which of the following is an example of an inert gas?
   (a) Oxygen
   (b) Nitrogen
   (c) Carbon dioxide
   (d) Helium

4. Which of the following is not a property of inert gases?
   (a) They are non-flammable.
   (b) They are non-toxic.
   (c) They are odorless.
   (d) They are tasteless.

5. Which of the following is a common use of inert gases?
   (a) They are used in welding to prevent the Metal from oxidizing.
   (b) They are used in medical procedures to create a sterile environment.
   (c) They are used in food packaging to prevent the food from spoiling.
   (d) All of the above.