Art Forms of Bihar

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<<–2/”>a >a href=”https://exam.pscnotes.com/art-forms/”>Art Forms of Bihar

Registered Geographical Indications (GI) belonging to Bihar are-

 

MADHUBANI PAINTINGS (Registered G.I. as a Handicraft)

Madhubani painting is also known as Mithila Paintings as it is practiced in the Mithila Region of Bihar. Painting is done with fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and match-sticks using natural dye and mineral pigments. There are paintings for each occasion and festivals such as birth, marriage, holi, Durga puja and other occasions. The painting was traditionally done on freshly Art Forms of Biharplastered mud walls and floors of huts but now they are also done on clothes, handmade paper and canvas. Madhubani paintings mostly depict the people and their association with nature, natural objects like the sun, moon and Plants and the scenes and deities from the ancient Epics like Mahabharata and Ramayana.

Generally no space is left empty on the canvas and the gaps are filled by paintings of flowers, animals and geometric designs.

 

APPLIQUE-KHATWA PATCHWORK OF BIHAR (Registered  G.I. as a Handicraft)

Khatwa patch work is an appliqué work i.e. it is an ornamental needlework in which pieces of patch work are sewn or struck onto a larger piece to form a picture or pattern.

Khatwa is mainly used to create designer curtains, cushions, table covers, tents, canopies and other products. The designs in khatwa work include trees, flowers, animals, birds and others. In khatwa work, patches are first stitched to the base fabric and then the designs are cut to shape.

 

SUJINI EMBROIDERY WORK OF BIHAR(Registered G.I. as a Handicraft)

Sujini embroidery started as the distinctive embroideries done by Women in Bihar from worn and used clothes. It is very popular and expressive art form now. Sujini is quilt having embroidery made in Bihar by recycling a number of worn out saris and dhotis in a simple running stitch that gives the old cloth a new structure while ornamenting it. Sujini embroidery has eventually taken the form of representing unique narrative Elements of storytelling and sharing experiences through embroidery. Women often stitch their sorrows and realities on the sujini, transforming mundane clothes into testimonies of their lives and challenges

SIKKI GRASS WORK OF BIHAR (Registered G.I. as a Handicraft)

The sikki grass ARTICLE are made by the women of north Bihar. Sikki is obtained from the dried stems of a succulent plant. The plant is abundantly available in Bihar. The upper portion of the stem, which contains flowers, is discarded and the remaining portion cut into small pieces and preserved for making attractive Sikki ware. It is out only once after the rains and the cut pieces are stored for use throughout the year. Sikki grass dried in red, blue, black and gold is imaginatively wrought into a variety of articles such as basket and boxes, human figures, replicas of gods and goddesses, toys, animals, birds and models of chariots and temples.

The other Crafts of Bihar are-

YAMPURI PUPPETRY:

The traditional Rod Puppetry of Bihar is known as Yampuri. Rod Puppets are supported and manipulated by rods from below. These puppets are made of wood, are in one piece and have no joints. These puppet require greater dexterity.

Yampuri puppet shows are also known as Baikunth Darshan Shows. The show is conducted in Hindi and Bhojpuri. This puppet show intends to address morality by instilling the knowledge of heaven and hell in the spectators. The show starts with a view of Yampuri (House of Death) with the main characters Yamraj, Yamdoot and Chitragupt. Dead people come one by one and are marched in front of Yamraj They are sent to heaven and hell on the basis of their deeds during their life.

Tikuli Work:

Tikuli is a form of craft made from broken glass. The craftsmen first melt the broken glass and then give it shape and design.

Bangle Making

The best works of bangle making can be seen in the city of Muzaffarpur which is considered to be the center for Cottage industries. Bangles are an inseparable part of Indian customs and an integral part of make up kit of Indian women. The raw material is for bangle works is obtained from the forest nearby. The artisans use Light fire to craft the delicate glasses into circular shape. The artisans go by the market demand and their imagination to give them the most fashionable and contemporary designs. One can buy them from many stores or directly from the homes of the artisans.

Stone Work

In its peak during the Mauryan period, stone and architecture works became the symbol of the dynasty. One can see the best of that period in cities like Gaya, Nalanda, and Patna. Apart from monasteries and Stupas, magnificent statues of Lord Buddha were created. Today, the most important place for stone works is Patharkatti in Gaya district. It has plenty of blue black pot stone which are cheap and are used for making statues,

images and household articles like the pestle and grinders. It is also among the places in India where architecture works of fountains and tables are done.

 

Wood Inlay:
One of Bihar’s ancient industries wood inlays continues to be done with different materials, Metal, ivory and stag-horn. Artists create decorative pieces like wall hangings, table tops, trays, and a number of utility articles with inlay work. One can see beautiful pieces of trays, boxes and other articles for household use are produced using this craft. The designs are colourful and geometrical.

Lacquerware:
In Bihar lac has been used for making beautiful items like boxes and bangles etc since ages. Sindurdan the vermilion container given in marriage is one of such decorative piece made by laheris community. The boxes are beautifully decorated with the motifs of fish, chakra and peacock. Traditionally the bride’s parents present her a round conical box, with a nose ring at the marriage with the symbols of fertility and longevity engraved on its red body.

 

Printed Textiles:
Bihar has made its name in textile printing which is done on Cotton, wool and silk.Some districts and towns for example Bhagalpur, Bihar Sharif, Darbhanga, Saran and Patna are well known for this craft. In Gaya, it is common to find the religious textiles with the names or footprints of deities printed all over in ochre or red. The chunris of Bihar deserve special mention. Beautiful designs are printed in these chunris which are traditional as well as floral and animal forms. At Sursand in North Bihar only mica (khari) printing is done with bright colours are used extensively

Other handicrafts:
Bihar also has tradition of leather craft, tikuli making and papier –mache art .These arts are being recognized all over the world and showcased in international and national exhibitions. Beautiful objects are crafted in traditional and floral designs with bright colours.Religious scenes and gods and goddesses are also painted especially on papier-mache articles.

Pottery Works
Pottery is made on clay. Bihar had a rich history of clay pottery work. Since the time of Mauryan and Gupta this art has been in practice in Bihar. The archeological excavations at places like Nalanda and Rajgir had confirmed the existence of this artistic craft in Bihar. Beautiful earthen utensils and tiles are made by potters of Bihar. They have the abilities and skill to do artistic and beautiful paintings on earthen pots. Patna is very famous for such work. Patna is also famous for making earthen statutes of various gods and goddess.

Bamboo Work
Bamboo work has been remained a culture of Bihar throughout the ages and time. Right form the pre-historic time forest dwelling tribes are experts in bamboo and cane work. They used to make many utility items like baskets, household wares, woven mats, furniture and cane products like cane furniture and other decorative objects. By utilizing their skill and techniques they turned these lifeless bamboo and cane into living object which are of great value in every day life.,

The art forms of Bihar are a diverse and vibrant collection of traditional and contemporary expressions. Some of the most well-known art forms from Bihar include:

  • Mithila painting: A style of folk art that is characterized by its intricate designs and use of bright colors. Mithila painting is a traditional art form that is practiced by the women of Mithila, a region in northeastern India. The paintings are typically done on the walls of houses, temples, and other public buildings. They depict scenes from Hindu mythology, as well as everyday life in Mithila. Mithila painting is a living tradition that is passed down from mother to daughter. The paintings are often done using natural pigments, such as rice paste, charcoal, and turmeric. They are then decorated with flowers, leaves, and other natural objects. Mithila painting is a beautiful and unique art form that is a vital part of the culture of Mithila.
  • Madhubani painting: Another style of folk art that is known for its use of natural pigments and its depiction of Hindu deities and mythological scenes. Madhubani painting is a traditional art form that is practiced by the women of Mithila, a region in northeastern India. The paintings are typically done on cloth, paper, or walls. They depict scenes from Hindu mythology, as well as everyday life in Mithila. Madhubani painting is a living tradition that is passed down from mother to daughter. The paintings are often done using natural pigments, such as rice paste, charcoal, and turmeric. They are then decorated with flowers, leaves, and other natural objects. Madhubani painting is a beautiful and unique art form that is a vital part of the culture of Mithila.
  • Khajuraho dance: A classical dance form that is known for its graceful movements and erotic themes. Khajuraho dance is a classical dance form that originated in the Khajuraho temples in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The dance is known for its graceful movements and erotic themes. The dancers wear elaborate costumes and jewelry, and they perform to the accompaniment of music and drums. Khajuraho dance is a beautiful and sensual art form that is a popular tourist attraction.
  • Chhau/”>Chhau dance: A martial art form that is performed with masks and weapons. Chhau dance is a martial art form that originated in the Indian state of Jharkhand. The dance is performed with masks and weapons, and it is known for its acrobatic movements and intricate footwork. Chhau dance is a popular form of entertainment in India, and it is also performed in other parts of the world.
  • Bhojpuri Folk Music: A genre of folk music that is popular in the Bhojpuri-speaking region of Bihar. Bhojpuri folk music is a genre of folk music that is popular in the Bhojpuri-speaking region of India. The music is characterized by its use of simple melodies and lyrics that are often about love, loss, and social issues. Bhojpuri folk music is a popular form of entertainment in the region, and it is also performed in other parts of India and the world.
  • Magahi folk music: A genre of folk music that is popular in the Magahi-speaking region of Bihar. Magahi folk music is a genre of folk music that is popular in the Magahi-speaking region of India. The music is characterized by its use of simple melodies and lyrics that are often about love, loss, and social issues. Magahi folk music is a popular form of entertainment in the region, and it is also performed in other parts of India and the world.
  • Angika folk music: A genre of folk music that is popular in the Angika-speaking region of Bihar. Angika folk music is a genre of folk music that is popular in the Angika-speaking region of India. The music is characterized by its use of simple melodies and lyrics that are often about love, loss, and social issues. Angika folk music is a popular form of entertainment in the region, and it is also performed in other parts of India and the world.
  • Maithili folk music: A genre of folk music that is popular in the Maithili-speaking region of Bihar. Maithili folk music is a genre of folk music that is popular in the Maithili-speaking region of India. The music is characterized by its use of simple melodies and lyrics that are often about love, loss, and social issues. Maithili folk music is a popular form of entertainment in the region, and it is also performed in other parts of India and the world.

These are just a few of the many art forms that are found in Bihar. The state’s rich cultural heritage is evident in its art, music, dance, and literature.

Here are some frequently asked questions about art forms:

  • What are the different types of art forms?

There are many different types of art forms, including painting, sculpture, music, dance, literature, and architecture.

  • What are the characteristics of each art form?

Each art form has its own unique characteristics. For example, painting is a two-dimensional art form that uses color and form to create images. Sculpture is a three-dimensional art form that uses materials such as stone, wood, or metal to create objects. Music is an art form that uses Sound to create melodies and harmonies. Dance is an art form that uses movement to express emotion and tell stories. Literature is an art form that uses words to create stories, poems, and plays. Architecture is an art form that uses space to create buildings and other structures.

  • What are some famous examples of each art form?

Some famous examples of painting include the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci, The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh, and Guernica by Pablo Picasso. Some famous examples of sculpture include the Venus de Milo, the David by Michelangelo, and the Thinker by Auguste Rodin. Some famous examples of music include Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9, Mozart’s The Marriage of Figaro, and Bach’s Toccata and Fugue in D Minor. Some famous examples of dance include Swan Lake by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, The Nutcracker by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, and The Rite of Spring by Igor Stravinsky. Some famous examples of literature include Hamlet by William Shakespeare, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, and To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Some famous examples of architecture include the Parthenon in Athens, the Colosseum in Rome, and the Taj Mahal in Agra, India.

  • What are the benefits of art?

Art can provide many benefits, including:

* **Emotional expression:** Art can be a way to express emotions that may be difficult to express in words.
* **Creative outlet:** Art can be a way to be creative and express oneself.
* **Communication:** Art can be a way to communicate with others and share ideas.
* **Problem-solving:** Art can be a way to solve problems and come up with new ideas.
* **Stress relief:** Art can be a way to relieve stress and relax.
* **Self-expression:** Art can be a way to express oneself and one's unique identity.
* **Connection with others:** Art can be a way to connect with others and build relationships.
* **Sense of accomplishment:** Art can be a way to feel a sense of accomplishment and pride in one's work.
* **Joy:** Art can be a source of joy and happiness.
  • What are some challenges facing the arts?

Some challenges facing the arts include:

* **Lack of funding:** The arts often receive less funding than other areas, such as Education and healthcare.
* **Public perception:** The arts are sometimes seen as being less important than other areas, such as science and technology.
* **Competition from other forms of entertainment:** The arts face competition from other forms of entertainment, such as television, movies, and video games.
* **Changing demographics:** The arts are often seen as being less relevant to younger generations.
* **Political Climate:** The arts can be affected by the political climate, as governments may choose to support or defund the arts.
  • What can be done to support the arts?

There are many things that can be done to support the arts, including:

* **Attending arts events:** Attending arts events is a great way to support the arts.
* **Donating to arts organizations:** Donating to arts organizations is another great way to support the arts.
* **Volunteering for arts organizations:** Volunteering for arts organizations is a great way to give back to the community and support the arts.
* **Educating others about the arts:** Educating others about the arts can help to increase public awareness and support for the arts.
* **Advocating for the arts:** Advocating for the arts can help to ensure that the arts receive the funding and support they need.

Sure. Here are some MCQs about art forms from around the world:

  1. Which of the following is not a type of Indian classical dance?
    (A) Bharatanatyam
    (B) Kathak
    (C) Kathakali
    (D) Kalaripayattu

  2. Which of the following is not a type of Japanese art?
    (A) Ukiyo-e
    (B) Sumi-e
    (C) Kintsugi
    (D) Origami

  3. Which of the following is not a type of Chinese art?
    (A) Calligraphy
    (B) Painting
    (C) Sculpture
    (D) Kung fu

  4. Which of the following is not a type of African art?
    (A) Woodcarving
    (B) Metalwork
    (C) Textiles
    (D) Football

  5. Which of the following is not a type of European art?
    (A) Renaissance art
    (B) Baroque art
    (C) Rococo art
    (D) Hip hop

  6. Which of the following is not a type of American art?
    (A) Native American art
    (B) African American art
    (C) Hispanic American art
    (D) American football

  7. Which of the following is not a type of Australian art?
    (A) Aboriginal art
    (B) Torres Strait Islander art
    (C) Australian Rules Football
    (D) Cricket

  8. Which of the following is not a type of Middle Eastern art?
    (A) Islamic art
    (B) Persian art
    (C) Turkish art
    (D) Israeli art

  9. Which of the following is not a type of South American art?
    (A) Inca art
    (B) Maya art
    (C) Aztec art
    (D) Salsa dancing

  10. Which of the following is not a type of Oceanic art?
    (A) Maori art
    (B) Hawaiian art
    (C) Samoan art
    (D) Rugby

I hope you find these MCQs interesting and challenging!

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