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The total notified forest area of the State is 36914.69 Km2 , which is 22.73 % of the geographical area. They include Reserved, Protected- and UN-classed forests. The Kadapa has the highest notified forest area of 5041.26Km2 and the Krishna has the lowest notified forest area of 664.28 Km2 in the State. As regards the ratio of notified forest to geographical area, Vishakhapatnam District has the highest with 41.50 % and Krishna is the lowest with 7.38 %. As per Champion and Seth’s Classification the Forests of State fall under Southern Moist Mixed Deciduous Forest, Littoral Swamp Forest, Dry Teak Forest, Dry Red Sanders Bearing Forest, Southern Dry Mixed Deciduous Forest, Dry Deciduous Scrub, Dry Savannah Forest, Hardwickia Forest, Dry Bamboo Brakes, Souther Thorn Forest, Dry Scrub Forest, Tropical Dry Evergreen Forest types.
Protected Area:
The State has 16 Protected Areas – 13 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 3 National Parks and one Tiger Reserve. NagarjunaSagar–Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR) is the biggest Tiger Reserve of India. Out of 36914.77 Km2 of notified forest area, 8137.08 Km2 is included in the PA Network.
Community Forest Management:
There are 4,419 VanaSamrakshanaSamities (VSSs) or Joint Forest Protection Committees (JFPCs) in the State. An area of 8426.11 Km2 of notified forests, which is 22.8 % of the forest area, is under Community Forest Management (CFM).
Forest Cover:
The forest cover in the State based on the interpretation of IRS P6 LISS-III 2012 data (September 2012 – March 2013) is 23399.95 Km2 , which is 15.24% of the Geographical area. In terms of the forest canopy cover density classes the State has 651.25 Km2 of Very Dense Forest, 11810.20 Km2 of Moderately Dense Forest and 10938.50 Km2 of Open Forest. The area of the Scrub is 9241.79 Km2 , Non-Forest 3900.52 Km2 and Water Bodies 372.51 Km2 .
The vegetation types met within Andhra Pradesh are
TROPICAL SEMI-EVERGREEN FORESTS (moist deciduous forests mixed with evergreen Elements)
This type of forests occur in a localised manner in small pockets in valleys near the banics of perennial streams and hills at about 800 m where the climatic conditions are favourable with plenty of humus and moisture in the Soil. Found in in Visakhapatnam district, Borra blocks of Vijayanagaram district Tekkali and Pathapatnam of Srikakulam district.
Tropical moist deciduous FORESTS :
This type occurs in region with a rainfall of 1015 mm and above at an altitude of 610 mts. These forests can be subdivided into three categories for the sake of convenience
- Northern tropical moist deciduous forests (sal forests)-This type of forest is found in srikakulam district. In the sal forests Shorearobusta predominates.
- South Indian tropical moist deciduous forests-These forests are found in parts of Gudem, Rampa agency, parts of West Godavari district, between Rollapenta and Bairluty (Pig. 6b), Gundlabrahmeswaram (Nallamalais) in Kurnool district and Talakona in chittoor district.
- Southern tropical moist deciduous riverian forests-Along the courses of rivers and streams in the plains# where alluvial soil is deposited# there are many predominantly exclusive to these areas. It generally forms a very narrow belt along tne banks; sometimes it may extend to tnehigner elevations.
DRY DECIDUOUS FORESTS :
In this type of forests# the trees oeyin to shed their leaves by about Decemoer and between February and May the forest looks very open and at times eyesoriny# but no area is completely leafless at any one time of the year. Flowering and fruiting are generally far advanced oefore the first flush of new leaves appears with the conventional showers in April – May. These forests are widely spread in almost all tne districts of the state.
DRY SAVANNAH FORESTS :
This kind of forests, formed as a result of intense biotic interference, are scattered tnrouyhouttne state, Tne stunted trees are Emblicaofficinalis, Phoenix humilis, Pterocarpusmarsupium, Terminaliacneoula.
DRY EVERGREEN FORESTS :
This type of forests occur in coastal and plains areas with a rainfall of 635 mm and below at an altitude of less than 244 m and on impoverished soils witn practically no oryanic matter and where the top soil is practically non existent. This type of forest occurs in Poolbayh, Velagada of vijayanayaram district, Madugula range of Visakhapatnam, TeKKali and Pathapatnam of srikakulam.
TROPICAL EVERGREEN SCRUB FORESTS :
This type of forest is met within almost all drier parts of Andhra Pradesh like the districts of Anantapur.
The main species in tnis forest are Acacia chundra, Albizlaatnara. Balanitesaegyptiaca, Anisochiluscarnosus etc.
LITTORAL AND TIDAL SWAMP MANGROOVE FORESTS
These are spread over an area of 3,173 Sq.Km constituting 4.93% total forest area of the state. They occur in the coastal districts of srikaxulam, visakhapatnam. East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Prakasam, Guntur (Fiy. 9) and Nellore. Mangrove forests are located near the esturies of Krishna and Sodavari rivers.,
Andhra Pradesh is a state in south-central India. It is the seventh-largest state in India by area and the tenth-largest by Population. The state is bordered by Telangana to the north, Chhattisgarh to the northeast, Odisha to the east, Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the southwest, and Kerala to the west. The capital of Andhra Pradesh is Amaravati.
The state has a tropical Climate with two distinct seasons: a hot and humid summer from March to June, and a cool and dry winter from November to February. The Average temperature in the state ranges from 20°C (68°F) in winter to 40°C (104°F) in summer.
Andhra Pradesh is home to a diverse range of vegetation, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands. The state’s forests are home to a variety of plant and animal life, including tigers, leopards, elephants, and deer. The state’s grasslands are used for grazing Livestock, while its wetlands are important for water storage and flood control.
Andhra Pradesh’s forests are managed by the Forest Department of the State Government. The Forest Department is responsible for the protection, conservation, and development of the state’s forests. The Forest Department also manages the state’s forest reserves, which are areas of forest that are protected from development.
The state’s forests are important for a number of reasons. They provide a habitat for a variety of plant and animal life, they help to regulate the climate, they provide water for Irrigation and drinking, and they are a source of timber and other forest products.
The state’s forests are facing a number of threats, including deforestation, forest fires, and forest pests and diseases. Deforestation is the clearing of forests for other uses, such as agriculture or development. Forest fires are caused by lightning strikes or human activity, and they can destroy large areas of forest. Forest pests and diseases are caused by insects, Fungi, or other organisms, and they can also destroy large areas of forest.
The state government is taking a number of steps to protect and conserve the state’s forests. These steps include:
- Creating forest reserves
- Prohibiting deforestation
- Promoting afforestation
- Controlling forest fires
- Managing forest pests and diseases
- Raising awareness about the importance of forests
The state government is also working with the central government and other organizations to protect and conserve the state’s forests. These efforts are helping to ensure that the state’s forests will be protected for future generations.
Andhra Pradesh is a beautiful state with a rich natural heritage. The state’s forests are an important part of this heritage, and they play a vital role in the state’s economy and Environment. The state government is taking a number of steps to protect and conserve the state’s forests, and these efforts are helping to ensure that the state’s forests will be protected for future generations.
What are the different types of vegetation in Andhra Pradesh?
Andhra Pradesh has a diverse range of vegetation, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands. The state’s forests are home to a variety of plant species, including trees, shrubs, and herbs. The grasslands are found in the state’s dry areas and are home to a variety of Grasses and other Plants. The wetlands are found in the state’s rivers, lakes, and other water bodies and are home to a variety of aquatic plants.
What are the different types of forests in Andhra Pradesh?
The forests in Andhra Pradesh can be divided into three main types: tropical evergreen forests, tropical deciduous forests, and dry deciduous forests. The tropical evergreen forests are found in the state’s coastal areas and are characterized by their dense canopy of trees. The tropical deciduous forests are found in the state’s interior areas and are characterized by their Deciduous trees, which lose their leaves during the dry season. The dry deciduous forests are found in the state’s dry areas and are characterized by their sparse canopy of trees.
What are the different types of grasslands in Andhra Pradesh?
The grasslands in Andhra Pradesh can be divided into two main types: tropical grasslands and temperate grasslands. The tropical grasslands are found in the state’s dry areas and are characterized by their tall grasses. The temperate grasslands are found in the state’s cooler areas and are characterized by their short grasses.
What are the different types of wetlands in Andhra Pradesh?
The wetlands in Andhra Pradesh can be divided into two main types: freshwater wetlands and saltwater wetlands. The freshwater wetlands are found in the state’s rivers, lakes, and other water bodies that are fed by freshwater. The saltwater wetlands are found in the state’s coastal areas and are fed by saltwater.
What are the benefits of vegetation?
Vegetation provides a number of benefits, including:
- Oxygen: Vegetation produces oxygen, which is essential for human life.
- Food: Vegetation provides food for humans and animals.
- Shelter: Vegetation provides shelter for humans and animals.
- Water: Vegetation helps to regulate the water cycle.
- Soil: Vegetation helps to prevent soil erosion.
- Air quality: Vegetation helps to improve air quality.
- Climate Change: Vegetation helps to mitigate climate change.
What are the threats to vegetation?
Vegetation is threatened by a number of factors, including:
- Deforestation: Deforestation is the clearing of forests for other uses, such as agriculture or development.
- Overgrazing: Overgrazing is the grazing of livestock on land that is not able to support the number of animals.
- Pollution: Pollution from human activities can damage vegetation.
- Climate change: Climate change can lead to changes in temperature and Precipitation, which can affect vegetation.
What can be done to protect vegetation?
There are a number of things that can be done to protect vegetation, including:
- Planting trees: Planting trees helps to increase the amount of vegetation.
- Reducing deforestation: Reducing deforestation helps to protect forests.
- Reducing overgrazing: Reducing overgrazing helps to protect grasslands.
- Reducing pollution: Reducing pollution helps to protect vegetation.
- Adapting to climate change: Adapting to climate change helps to protect vegetation from the effects of climate change.
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Which of the following is not a type of vegetation found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Tropical evergreen forest
(B) Tropical deciduous forest
(C) Dry deciduous forest
(D) Montane forest -
Which of the following is the largest forest type in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Tropical evergreen forest
(B) Tropical deciduous forest
(C) Dry deciduous forest
(D) Montane forest -
Which of the following is the most common tree found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Teak
(B) Sal
(C) Bamboo
(D) Neem -
Which of the following is the most common animal found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Tiger
(B) Elephant
(C) Leopard
(D) Gaur -
Which of the following is the most common bird found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Peacock
(B) Hornbill
(C) Eagle
(D) Kingfisher -
Which of the following is the most common fish found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Hilsa
(B) Pomfret
(C) Mackerel
(D) Sardines -
Which of the following is the most common insect found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Butterfly
(B) Beetle
(C) Grasshopper
(D) Moth -
Which of the following is the most common reptile found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Snake
(B) Lizard
(C) Turtle
(D) Crocodile -
Which of the following is the most common amphibian found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Frog
(B) Toad
(C) Salamander
(D) Newt -
Which of the following is the most common mammal found in Andhra Pradesh?
(A) Cow
(B) Goat
(C) Sheep
(D) Pig