Notes and Study material for Exams
Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) The DRDO was formed in 1958 following the merge of the Technical Development Establishment (TDE) of the Indian Army, the Directorate of Technical Development & Production (DTDP) and the Defence Science Organisation (DSO). DRDO laboratories conduct research in a number of fields, such as aeronautics, rockets and missiles, electronics … Read more
Philosophical basis of governance Governance is the exercise of economic, political, and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels. It comprises mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations, and mediate their differences. The challenge for all societies is to create … Read more
In order to check rapid deforestation due to forestlands being released by state governments for agriculture, Industry and other development projects (allowed under the Indian Forest Act) the federal government enacted the Forest Conservation Act in 1980 with an amendment in 1988. The Act made the prior approval of the federal government necessary for de-reservation … Read more
Long-Term Ecological Observatories: Sentinels of Change in a Shifting World Introduction Our planet is undergoing unprecedented changes, driven by a complex interplay of natural and human-induced factors. From climate change to habitat loss, these shifts are profoundly impacting ecosystems and the services they provide. To understand and respond effectively to these challenges, we need a … Read more
SVAMITVA: Empowering Rural India with Property Rights The Indian government, under the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has launched several initiatives aimed at transforming the rural landscape. One such initiative, the Survey of Villages and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas (SVAMITVA) scheme, is a revolutionary program focused on empowering rural communities by … Read more
The Guardians of Integrity: A Deep Dive into Lokpal and Lokayuktas In a democracy, the cornerstone of public trust lies in the integrity and accountability of its leaders. However, the reality often falls short of this ideal, with corruption and abuse of power posing significant threats to the very fabric of society. To combat these … Read more
Difference between Buddhism and Hinduism Buddhism and Hinduism are two of the world’s oldest religions, with a long and rich history. Both religions originated in India, and they share some similarities, such as their belief in reincarnation and karma. However, there are also some key differences between the two religions. One of the most fundamental … Read more
Refraction of Light Refraction is the bending of light (it also happens with Sound, water and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another. This bending by refraction makes it possible for us to have lenses, magnifying glasses, prisms and rainbows. Even our eyes depend upon this bending of light. … Read more
Guardians of the Constitution: A Deep Dive into State Human Rights Commissions in India Introduction In a nation as diverse and populous as India, safeguarding the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution is paramount. While the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) plays a crucial role at the national level, the State Human Rights Commissions (SHRCs) … Read more