Notes and Study material for Exams
The State of Punjab suffers mainly from two natural hazards, namely, flood and Earthquakes, of which floods have quite a high frequency of occurrence, whereas earthquakes of M > 5.0 have a moderate frequency within and close to the boundary of the State. Theoretically risk is said to be the product of hazard and vulnerability … Read more
Punjab, famously referred to as ‘The land of five rivers’, is situated in the north western part of India. This fertile land ranks amongst the most ancient civilizations in the world. Punjab is also famous for its religious diversity as it was here many religious movements were initiated. The scenic landscape, rich history and famous … Read more
At present there are total 168 statutary towns in Punjab and another 69 census towns. Thus there are total 237 towns (or say cities) in Punjab. The list of statutary towns include 10 Municipal Corporations, 96 Municipal Councils, 59 Nagar Panchayats and 3 Cantonment Boards. Bathinda with 21 towns is the district with largest number of towns. Pathankot, … Read more
Agricultural Production and Cropping Pattern The total production of foodgrains has increased over the years. It was 192.18 lakh metric tons in 1990-91 and showed increase of 38.95% in 2014-15(P) i.e. 267.03 lakh metric tons. Further, it is estimated that the production of foodgrains would be 286.05(E) lakh metric ton in 2015-16. The production of … Read more
Punjab holds place of pride among the Indian States for its outstanding achievements in agricultural development. The state has witnessed tremendous increase in the agricultural production during the Green Revolution period, mainly due to healthy mix of institutional and technological factors. Agrarian economy, consolidation of landholdings, reclamation of new agricultural lands, development of Irrigation, use … Read more
Folk Songs of Punjab The Punjab is a multi-layered Cultural Region and its music tradition stretches back for thousands of year to the Vedic Period. Due to an exposure to a number of cultures, Punjab has developed its own unique musical mode. Just as the hardships have made the people lively, the same impact can … Read more
Fairs and Festivals of Punjab Fairs are an exhibition of the living culture of a place. A fair showcases the folklore, folk arts, folk-dances, folk customs and folk tales. Legends can be witnessed in a fair. Culture may be defined as ―Shared learned behavior. It consists of commonly accepted and expected ideas, attitudes, values and … Read more
Art Forms of Punjab Punjab has a rich culture and heritage. It is famous for its art and craft. The Women of Punjab are not only strong and well built, but they also have a simple heart and a creative imagination that enables them to make original and outstanding arts. In the past, the women … Read more
Punjab Human Development index:- Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index of human development in Education, longevity or Health, and in access to opportunities measured in per capita incomes, with the present status of districts in these parameters related with certain absolute achievement positions, or some desirable achievement positions. This … Read more
Punjab PUBLIC FINANCE and Fiscal Policy:- Introduction Punjab economy was India’s leading state economy during the pre-reforms era, especially after the Green Revolution. Thus, Punjab acquired the status of being the most vibrant and prosperous state. Over a long period, Punjab remained at the first position in terms of per-capita income. The state has lost … Read more